MA in Banking and Finance
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Öğe Profitability analysis of banking sector: the reality of general perception of public being exploited by banks and they make excessive profits(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2021) Akdaş, Yiğit Alp; Doğru, CengizABSTRACT: The number of people receiving service from banks and the number of transactions carried out by banks, which are the most important actors of the financial system in many countries, have increased significantly with the effect of financialization, which gained importance around the world after 1970 and thus became a major phenomenon in the economy literature. By means of financialization while banks have gravitated towards retail customers, households have started to perform more transactions via banks. Nowadays, it is almost impossible to encounter an adult who does not have an account in a bank or states that they do not need banking transactions. The fact that the intensity of the relationship between the two actors increases with each passing day, lead to various inconveniences and problems. One of the most referred inconveniences is that the banks overcharge their customers for their services. We frequently hear and witness that reproach from the social media, the press, politicians, and people around us. While certain people express their discomfort with interest collections of the banks, others with commission and expense collections. The purpose of this study, by means of a scale study, is to determine whether there is a perception in the society that the banks make excessive profit, if there is, in which groups/categories it exists and what major reasons underlie that perception. The study also aims to confirm whether the banks make high profit by analyzing the data -through the comparisons with the EU and the US banking sectors and other sectors over the years- obtained from the public institutions, banks, associations, and companies and subsequently to make evaluations regarding the results.Öğe Testing the validity of factor investing strategies in Borsa Istanbul(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2021) Nazlı, Hakan; Özyıldırım, CenktanABSTRACT: The study tests the validity and availability of factor based investment strategies in Borsa Istanbul. In addition to the traditional factors, i.e. market factor, size factor and value factor explained in Fama-French three factor model, this study widens the scope of factor investing with momentum factor, growth factor, liquidity factor and profitability factor, which are commonly used in today’s world. The study focuses on the excess return generation and tests if it is possible to generate sustainable excess return over market with a single factor based portfolio in Borsa Istanbul. In this study, only non-financial stocks are included in the research universe. The research horizon captures the ten year long period between 2010 and 2020.Öğe Perception of corporate customers about mobile banking service quality: example of a Turkish bank(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2021) Yıldız, Banu; Özyıldırım, CenktanABSTRACT: Technological developments in every field in recent years have also affected the banking sector. The industry is experiencing a digital transformation. The Covid- 19 pandemic in 2020 has also accelerated this transformation. As the use of mobile banking becomes widespread with mobile applications, the variety of services and products offered by banks via mobile also increases. This study aims to investigate the perceptions of corporate customers regarding mobile banking service quality. Within the scope of the research, a survey was conducted with 314 digital banking users, who were selected from the corporate customers of one of the private banks operating in the banking sector in Turkey. The data obtained in the study were analyzed with the SPSS statistical program. According to the research findings, mobile banking service quality perception is high among participants. 3 of the 5 dimensions used to measure the perception of mobile banking service quality are the dimensions in which the satisfaction of corporate customers is the highest. These dimensions are Convenience in Banking, Mobile Banking Efficiency, and Easy to Operate. Assurance and Security and Reliability and Responsiveness dimensions of these 5 dimensions are the dimensions in which corporate customers’ perception of service quality is lower.Öğe The impact of bank loans on Turkey's economic growth(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2020) Akgün, Cem; Fas, GencoABSTRACT: Across the world, the economic growth rates of countries have always been one of the most important data in monitoring the economies of countries. Especially for countries in the ‘developing countries’ class, such as Turkey, the growth rate is one of the first elements that economic circles look at. Many factors affect the growth of developing countries in a more positive or negative way than developed countries. Foreign trade volume, geopolitical position, natural resource wealth, etc. a lot of data can contribute or hinder the growth of developing countries. Turkey's economy-low savings rate (Savings / GDP= 15%), dependence on foreign energy, to be limited capital of their companies that operate in the industrial sector in Turkey's economy is determining the trend of foreign resources and bank loans. In this study, the growth in the Turkish economy between 2003 and 2017 will be examined and its relationship with the trend in total bank loans volume.Öğe Testing the efficiency of Borsa Istanbul, via an algorithmic model created by using technical analysis indicators(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2020) Tuna, Ömer Faruk; Özyıldırım, CenktanABSTRACT: In this paper, the literature related to behavioral perspective of stock movements is briefly summarized with the purpose of providing the basis for a proposed mathematical model. A formula using technical analysis indicators is introduced. Using this formula and methodology, performance tests are applied and results are discussed. Due to the success of the algorithmic system in Borsa Istanbul, it may be deduced that Borsa Istanbul is not an efficient market. Literature about stock markets and investor behavior is examined. In order to evaluate the algorithmic system tools used in the formula, principles and main instruments of technical analysis are explained. Later, the distinctive properties and formation of the algorithmic model is described together with its test on real data from Borsa Istanbul Futures and Options Market. The data for the first 5 years of the futures market in Borsa Istanbul is used for the creation of the system; testing and fine-tuning. The results indicate that, as forecasted, the model is highly successful in those time intervals, where there is a clear trend of appreciation or depreciation in the stock market. On the other hand, results in sideways markets are hardly adequate.Öğe Impact of basic macroeconomic indicators on BIST Banking Index(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2019) Ersöz, Emre; Soybilgen, BarışIn this study, effects of the variables of consumer price index, industrial production index, Turkey credit default swap premium, the US DollarffL exchange rate and Treasury 2-year real benchmark interest rates which could be considered as the basic macroeconomic variables, on the Borsa Istanbul Banking Index is examined. Although there are many studies focusing on the effects of macroeconomic variables on the stock market, the number of studies concentrated on the index is relatively limited. In this thesis, it is aimed to reveal the sensitivity of the BİST Banking Index to macroeconomic changes, which includes banks with a high share in Borsa Istanbul. In this econometric study, Vector Autoregression model is primarily used and the inferences have similarities in parallel with the many studies in the literature. it is determined that the shocks in the US DollarffL exchange rate, Treasury 2-year real benchmark interest rates, credit default swap premium and consumer price index variables have a negative and signifıcant effect on the inflation-adjusted Banking Index. However, it also revealed that the changes in the industrial production index have no effect on the index.Öğe Sosyal medya yargılaması: Ayşegül Terzi olayı(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2019) Ulukaya, Ceyda; Kalem, Seda BerkBu çalışma, haber medyasının sahip olduğu bir tür cezalandırma gücü olarak tanımlanan medya yargılaması kavramının, sosyal medya üzerinden gerçekleşen bir versiyonunun mümkün olup olmadığını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bunun için vaka çalışması olarak 2016 yılı Eylül ayında gerçekleşen ve medyada "Şortlu hemşireye tekme" olarak anılan Ayşegül Terzi olayı seçilmiş, olayın Twitter kullanıcıları tarafından hangi kavramlarla tartışıldığı analiz edilmiştir. Bu çerçevede çalışmanın ilk bölümü, klasik ve güncel kamusal alan tartışmalarını özetleyerek Twitter'ın bu tartışmalar ekseninde nasıl konumlandırıldığı sorusuna yanıt aramaya odaklanmıştır. İkinci bölümde, suç ve suçla ilişkili haberler özelinde medya etkileri teorilerinin nasıl bir gelişim gösterdiğine değinildikten sonra araştırma sorusuna kaynaklık eden medya yargılaması kavramı tanımlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Üçüncü bölümde ise suça verilen kamusal tepkiyi anlama motivasyonuyla #AyşegülTerzi etiketiyle paylaşılan tweetler içerik analizi yöntemiyle ele alınmıştır. Sonuç bölümünde, medya yargılaması parametrelerinden hareketle Ayşegül Terzi olayının bir sosyal medya yargılaması olarak değerlendirilip değerlendirilemeyeceği tartışılmış ve geliştirilmeye çalışılan sosyal medya yargılaması kavramının taşıdığı potansiyel ve risklere işaret edilmiştir.Öğe Political economy of communication and alternative media in Turkey: Surviving the whirlpool(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2019) Çenberli, Yağmur; Cemgil, CanThe ways in which alternative media is situated within the capitalist and hegemonic mass media structure from the political economic perspective arc examined throughout this dissertation thesis. The curiosity whether alternative media provide the ideal media System for both its employees and the audience has become the triggering motive of this research. The fight for survival of alternative media. the structure of its organizations, their management types. economic models; unionization. collectivity and occupational solidarity; political and economic struggles that emerged out of the concerns regarding to censorship, copyright issues. working conditions and precarity are some of the main problems to have been dealt with. The semi-structured interviews that were conducted with the prominent figures in the sector as the methodology of the research have provided essential in put. Starting from the reasons behind the rise of alternative media, the operational structure of the alternative media organizations, editorial independence, and censorship: to the quest for a sustainable econornic model, the digital labour issue and the continual hierarchic relationship with the audience are the outlines of this research. lt is comprehended that the immutable adherence to the practices of the traditional mainstream media such as the Ownership style, one-way communication and commodification appear as the source of the problems of alternative media. In brief. the troubles of the traditional mainstream media seem to reproduce themselves in the alternative media organizations in Turkey. Consequently, this dissertation thesis demonstrates that the alternative media in Turkey is not alternative and it is a long \\ay off establishing a new media system that is founded on the base of labour. dialogue, equality and anti-capitalism.Öğe Predicting credit default risk using machine learning algorithm(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2019) Telimen, Mehmet; Soybilgen, BarışIn this study, it was aimed to construct the analytical models that predict the probability of default of consumer credit by using machine learning algorithms. The data belonging to the customers of a bank has been used by making anonymity from the bank's test environment. This data set was composed of the lending status of the customers in the bank and the questioned credit bureau data at the credit application stage. Half of the samples in the data set were selected from those who had been in default and half were not. In the study, four of the widely used techniques of classifıcation based on machine learning have been discussed. Those are Logistic Regression, Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Quadratic Discriminant Analysis (QDA), and KNearest Neighbors (KNN). For each model, half of the data set was used for training and the other half was used for testing. Those models, which were trained with the same training set using the corresponding functions in R studio with R programming language, were tested with the same data set and the accuracy rates of them were compared. As a result of the comparison, with given this data, it is observed that the model of the Logistic Regression estimated the probability of default of the consumer loan with the highest accuracy rate which was 58.30%.Öğe The relationship between economy and psychology in the context of behavioral economics(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2019) Dirik, Kerem; Fas, GencoThis study was carried out to determine the views of university students studying in the province of Istanbul on the relationship between economics and psychology in the context of behavioral economics. For this purpose, scale was used to reveal the views about the relationship between economy and psychology. In order to determine the reliability of the scale, Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient value was examined and this value was determined as 0,87. This direction, a questionnaire was applied on 157 students studying in Istanbul. In the analysis of the data obtained as a result of the application, the effects of independent variables on the dependent variable; in addition, Independent Sample T-Test and One-Way Variance (ANOVA) Test were used to compare the mean scores of the different groups. LSD test was used to determine which groups were the source of the difference. In the research, the results of the chi-square test were used to determine whether there is a relation between the status of the credit card and the place, age and working status variables. As a result of the study, it has been revealed that there was a significant difference between the participants' views on the relationship between economy and psychology and the place where gender, place of residence and the majority of life were spent. However, no significant difference was found between the variables of age, class and how they defined themselves. Besides, it was found that there was no significant relationship between the presence of credit card and the place, age and study.Öğe A study to ascertain the macroeconomic leading indicators of the financial crisis of 2008–2009 in selected developing countries using a parametric early warning system(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2019) Çiftçioğlu, Devrim; Yener, HalukThe objective of the study herein presented is to ascertain both the macroeconomic as well as the financial indicators of the financial crisis of 2008-09 in selected developing countries using binary-multivariate logit econometric model which is a type of Early Warning Systems (EWSs). Data covers the period of 1980-2016 from eight developing countries. We first estimate a plain regression equation, then we estimate three different regression equations by employing data transformation, using country fixed effects and omitting data after crisis years (post-crisis bias correction). Our purpose is also to investigate the effects of these improvements to the significance of variables. Results indicate that apparent declines in real gross domestic growth (GDP) and nominal exchange rate (local currency appreciation) are strongly interconnected to the likelihood of occurrence of global financial crash in developing countries. In terms of the financial variables, increasing domestic credit growth could be regarded as a predictor of crisis with 5% level of significance. An increase in credit to private sector/GDP is a significant predictor of the crisis at %1 level in the post-crisis bias correction regression. Data transformations, country fixed effects and post-crisis bias correction additions to the regression contributes to the total significance levels of most variables weakly and similarly. Results confirm the importance of some basic macroeconomic variables and financial liberalization type of financial indicators about determining financial crises. As previously shown in literature, we also show the hazardous effect of credit booms to the health of the economies of developing countries.Öğe The role of institutions in the Russian banking(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2019) Sağ, Mustafa Onur; Seçkin, AylinResmi ve gayri resmi kurallardan oluşan kurumlar, organizasyonların nasıl faaliyet gösterdiğini etkilemektedir. Gayri resmi kurallar zaman içerisinde kendi kendine oluşurken, resmi kuralların işleyişi, siyasi ve bürokratik desteğin varlığı halinde bir fayda sağlayabilmektedir. Bankacılık sektörü, ekonomide toplam geliri artıran üretken projelere fon sağlayan mekanizma olması nedeniyle ekonominin gelişimi için kritik önemdedir. Kurumlar, bankacılık sisteminin ne kadar verimli çalıştığım belirleyen temel etkenlerden biridir. Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyetler Birliği'nin (SSCB) kurumları, kapitalist batı ülkelerdekinden önemli ölçüde farklılaşmaktaydı. Üretim araçlarında özel mülkiyetin var olmadığı bir ülkede, fonların dağılımının merkezi ekonomik planlarda önceden belirlenmiş ve üretimin tamamının kamu iktisadi teşebbüsleri tarafından gerçekleştiriliyor olması nedeniyle, bankalar sadece merkezi ekonomik planlarda yer alan emirleri yerine getiren ve kredi riski değerlendirmesi yapmaya ihtiyaç duymayan araçlardan ibarettiler. Bankacılık sektöründe düşük maliyetli mevduata ulaşmak veya düşük riskli kredileri verebilmek için bir rekabet bulunmuyordu. Tüm tasarruflar tek bir devlet bankasında tutuluyor, tüm kredi müşterileri, zararları devlet bütçesinden karşılanan kamu iktisadi teşebbüslerinden oluşuyordu. SSCB, bankacılık sisteminde rekabeti düzenleyecek, bankacılık sektörünün sağlıklı olmasını sağlayan kredi riski ölçümlerini yapacak, ödeme sistemlerinin verimliliğini ve güvenliğini artıran yasal ortamı oluşturacak kurumlara sahip değildi. Bu tür kurumların yokluğu, Sovyet sonrası dönemdeki Rus bankacılık sisteminin gelişimine olumsuz etki etmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, tanımlayıcı metotlarla, Sovyet Rusya'nın kurumlarının ve komünist sistemden kapitalizme kontrolsüz geçişin, SSCB'nin dağılmasının ardından Rus bankacılık sisteminin gelişimini olumsuz etkilediğini göstermektir. Bu çalışmada, söz konusu etkileri açıklamak için rekabet, mülkiyet hakları, yetenek ve bilginin edinimi ile ekonomik aktörlerin algılarının değişimine ilişkin kurumlara vurgu yapmak suretiyle North'un kurumsal çerçevesi kullanılmaktadır.Öğe Developing a scorecard for consumer credits(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2009) Devrimci, Boğaç; Erdem, Orhan[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Mergers and acquisitions insurance: assessment of differences in regional uptake across Americas, Emea and Asia from the perspective of Turkish market(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2018) Akkor, Deniz Güney; Oder, Burak[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Impact of CBT reserve requirements on bank loans between 2008 and 2016 as a macro prudential policy tool(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2018) Bütün, Erol; Fas, Genco[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Operational risk management in banks and internal audit function role in operational risk management(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2010) Oğraş, Cem; İbiş, Cemal[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Project management and a case study for a start-up company(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2017) Çal, Duygu; Fas, Genco[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Regional efficiency analysis of Turkish commercial banks with the use of data envelopment analysis between years 2007 - 2012(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2013) Aydın, Hüseyin; Özyıldırım, Cenktan[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Mortgage credits default risk in respect of macroeconomic indicators(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2013) Çamdibi, Ahmet Metin; Erdoğan, Oral[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Efficiency in Turkish banking industry: A comparison of state-owned and privately-owned banks(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2014) Küçük, Cahide Şeniz; Özyıldırım, Cenktan[Abstract Not Available]
