Minör mimarlık imkânları üzerine bir deneme
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Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Gilles Deleuze ve Félix Guattari’ye göre “minör” kavramı, insanın kim olduğunun sorusu değil, insanın belirli bir dizi kimlik, ilişki, pratik ve dil karşısında nereye konumlandığı ve bu konumla ne yaptığının sorusudur. Onların felsefesinde sabit ve tanımlı bir varoluş (being) yerine sürekli değişen ve kimlikleri olanaksız kılan bir oluş (becoming) vardır. Minör dil daima majör dilin ortasında, onun sunduğu koşul ve olanaklarla çalışır. Kısıtlandığı ölçüde ise majör dili yersizyurtsuzlaştırma potansiyeline sahiptir. Dolayısıyla minör dilde konuşmak, ana dilinde yabancı gibi konuşmak, onu bağırtmak, kekeletmek, sabuklatmak demektir. Deleuze ve Guattari’nin Franz Kafka’nın edebiyatı üzerinden geliştirdiği “minör edebiyat” kavramı son yıllarda akademide mimarlık bağlamında değerlendirilmeye alınmıştır. Yeni gelişen “minör mimarlık” kavramının ortaya çıkmasında başlıca kaynak Jill Stoner’ın “Toward a Minor Architecture” adlı çalışmasıdır. Stoner “Nesne Miti”, “Özne Miti”, “İç Mekân Miti” ve “Doğa Miti” başlıklarıyla hassas bir majör mimarlık eleştirisi geliştirse de, minör mimarlığı tanımlamak konusunda edebi içeriğe yaslanıp süregelen mimari pratikleri değerlendirmekten kaçınır gibi gözükür. Minör mimarlık; mekânı, bedeni ve zamanı sınırlandırmayı, sabitlemeyi, türdeşleştirmeyi ve denetlemeyi görev edinen, egemeni kurucu öznesi kabul eden majör mimarlığın çatlakları içinden gelişen anarşist bir mimarlıktır. Dolayısıyla bu tezde mekânsal sınıraşımı literatürüyle ilişkilendirilerek değerlendirilir. Bireyin gündelik rutinindeki herhangi bir eylemin toplumsal bir nitelik taşıdığını detaylıca tartışan Henri Lefebvre ve Michel De Certeau’nun görüşleri de minör mimarlık bağlamında incelenmektedir. “Minör mimarlık” kavramının pratik imkânlarını tartışmak üzere Georges Perec’in “Mekân Feşmekân” kitabındaki mekânsal ölçeklendirme model alınmaktadır. Yatak ve oda/daire ölçeklerinin minör mimarlık olanakları iki yaratıcı eylem bağlamında detaylıca değerlendirilirken apartman, mahalle, sokak, şehir ve dünya daha genel bir şekilde tartışılacaktır.
According to Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, the concept of “minor” is not about who a person is; but rather about where she/he stands within a series of identities, relations, practices and language and what she/he does with this position. In their thought, there is a perpetually changing state of “becoming” that precludes all forms of identitiesinstead of a fixed and defined “being. The minor language always operates from the center of the major language, using the circumstances and opportunities that it presents. The more it is limited, the more it has the potential to deterritorialize the major. Thus, to speak within a minor language is like speaking the mother tongue the way a foreigner would speak; it is to make it scream, stutter and turn it into a delirious state. Deleuze and Guattari’s concept of “minor literature” has been generated through Franz Kafka’s literature and in last couple of years; it has emerged as an academic topic in the field of architecture. The main source in the development of the emerging “minor architecture” concept isJill Stoner’s work titled as “Toward a Minor Architecture”. Although Stoner develops a delicate criticism of major architecture through titles “The Myth of the Object”, “The Myth of the Subject”, “The Myth of the Interior” and “The Myth of Nature”; when it comes to defining minor architecture, she seems to be avoiding the on-going architecture practices by relying heavily on literary content. Minor architecture is the anarchist and collective architecture that grows from the cracks in major architecture, which accepts the hegemon as its constitutive subject and undertakes the duties of limiting, fixating, homogenizing and monitoring space, body and time. Thus, in this thesis, it is examined in relation to the literature on transgression. The views of Henri Lefebvre and Michel De Certeau who discuss that any action in an individual’s daily routine bears a social meaning is also examined within the context of minor architecture. To discuss the practical possibilities of minor architecture, Georges Perec’s spatial scaling in his “Species of Spaces and Other Pieces” is taken as a model. While the bed and the room/flat scales are addressed cpmprehensively through two creative acts, the apartment, the neighborhood, the street, the city and the world categories are discussed in a more general sense.
According to Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, the concept of “minor” is not about who a person is; but rather about where she/he stands within a series of identities, relations, practices and language and what she/he does with this position. In their thought, there is a perpetually changing state of “becoming” that precludes all forms of identitiesinstead of a fixed and defined “being. The minor language always operates from the center of the major language, using the circumstances and opportunities that it presents. The more it is limited, the more it has the potential to deterritorialize the major. Thus, to speak within a minor language is like speaking the mother tongue the way a foreigner would speak; it is to make it scream, stutter and turn it into a delirious state. Deleuze and Guattari’s concept of “minor literature” has been generated through Franz Kafka’s literature and in last couple of years; it has emerged as an academic topic in the field of architecture. The main source in the development of the emerging “minor architecture” concept isJill Stoner’s work titled as “Toward a Minor Architecture”. Although Stoner develops a delicate criticism of major architecture through titles “The Myth of the Object”, “The Myth of the Subject”, “The Myth of the Interior” and “The Myth of Nature”; when it comes to defining minor architecture, she seems to be avoiding the on-going architecture practices by relying heavily on literary content. Minor architecture is the anarchist and collective architecture that grows from the cracks in major architecture, which accepts the hegemon as its constitutive subject and undertakes the duties of limiting, fixating, homogenizing and monitoring space, body and time. Thus, in this thesis, it is examined in relation to the literature on transgression. The views of Henri Lefebvre and Michel De Certeau who discuss that any action in an individual’s daily routine bears a social meaning is also examined within the context of minor architecture. To discuss the practical possibilities of minor architecture, Georges Perec’s spatial scaling in his “Species of Spaces and Other Pieces” is taken as a model. While the bed and the room/flat scales are addressed cpmprehensively through two creative acts, the apartment, the neighborhood, the street, the city and the world categories are discussed in a more general sense.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
minör mimarlık, mimarlık teorisi, gündelik hayat, sınıraşımı, gilles deleuze, minor architecture, architectural theory, everyday life, transgression, gilles deleuze
