Antakya'da bir eğitim merkezine devam eden 15-19 yaş arası gençlerde fiziksel aktivite ve yeme alışkanlıklarının BKİ ile ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi
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Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
ÖZET: Amaç: Çalışma, Antakya'da bir kursa devam etmekte olan 15-19 yaş arasındaki adölesanların beslenme alışkanlıkları ve fiziksel aktivite durumlarının BKİ ile ilişkisini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Materyal ve Metod: Bu çalışma, Kesitsel Çalışma türü olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Çalışma, yaşları 15-19 arasında olan ve Hatay Büyükşehir Belediyesi Destek Eğitim Merkezi'nde bir kursa devam eden 326 adölesan (188 kız, 138 erkek) üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmaya katılan adölesanlara sosyodemografik ve genel özellikleri ile ilgili 29 sorudan oluşan anket formu, besin tüketim sıklığı formu, 24 saatlik geriye dönük besin tüketim kaydı ve Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi Kısa Formu (IPAQ) uygulanmıştır. Çalışmamızda veriler, SPSS 22 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.) paket programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin değerlendirilmesi için Shapiro Wilk testi, Ki kare testleri, One Way ANOVA ve Kruskal Wallis testleri kullanılmıştır. Anlamlılık düzeyi ?=0,05 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Bu çalışmaya 188 kız (%57,7) ve 138 erkek (%42,3) olmak üzere toplam 326 adölesan katılmıştır. Bütün katılımcılar için yaş ortalaması 16,73 ± 1,56 yıl iken bu ortalama kızlarda 16,80 ± 1,49 yıl ve erkeklerde 16,63 ± 1,64 yıl olarak bulunmuştur. Adölesanların vücut ağırlığı ortalamaları 62,138 ± 12,51 kg, boy ortalamaları ise 166,29 ± 9,3 cm olarak bulunmuştur. Adölesanların BKİ'leri incelendiğinde ise 55 adölesanın fazla kilolu (%16,9) ve 18 adölesanın ise obez (%5,5) olduğu görülmüştür. Obezitenin en fazla görüldüğü oran %33,3 ile 17 yaş grubudur. Çalışmamızda anne BKİ'si artıkça adölesan BKİ'sinin de artığı görülmüştür fakat baba BKİ'si ile adölesan BKİ'si arasında herhangi bir ilişki xiv bulunamamıştır (sırasıyla; p=0,002; p=0,109). Ailesinde obezite öyküsü olan adölesanların büyük çoğunluğunda obeziteye rastlanırken, ailesinde obezite öyküsü olmayanların çoğunun ise normal kiloda olduğu görülmüştür (p<0,05). Ekran önünde geçirilen süre arttıkça sağlıklı uyku süresinin anlamlı ölçüde kısaldığı saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Reklamların adölesanların paketli ürün tüketim sıklığını anlamlı ölçüde artırdığı görülmüştür (p<0,05). Adölesanların paketli ürün alırken son kullanma tarihine ve düşük kalorili olmasına dikkat ettiği görülmüştür (p=0,001). Sedentar gençlerle orta ve yüksek fiziksel aktivite yapanlar karşılaştırıldığında, fiziksel aktivite azalmasının BKİ'yi önemli ölçüde artırdığı görülmüştür (p=0,001). Sonuç: Ailede obezite öyküsü olan adölesanların obezite açısından risk altında olması, besleme alışkanlıklarının medya ve reklamlardan etkilenmesi ve fiziksel aktivite şiddetinin BKİ üzerinde anlamlı etkisinin olması beklenen bir sonuçtur. Bu nedenle sağlıklı yaşam tarzı ilkelerinin bebeklik döneminden itibaren kişisel ve yönetsel olarak kurgulanması, eğitimlerin kararlı ve sürekli devlet politikaları şeklinde toplumun geneline yayılması sağlıklı nesil yetişmesinde büyük önem taşımaktadır.
ABSTRACT: Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between obesity and nutrition habits of adolescents between ages of 15-19, who were attending a course in Antakya. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 326 adolescents (188 females, 138 males) aged between 15-19 years who were attending a course at the Hatay Metropolitan Municipality Support Training Center. A questionnaire consisted of 29 questions about sociodemographic and general characteristics of the participating adolescents, food consumption frequency form, 24-hour retrospective food consumption record and International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ) were applied in this study. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.) package programme. Shapiro Wilk test, Chi-square tests, One Way ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis tests were used to evaluate the data. The level of significance was adopted as ? = 0.05. Results: A total of 326 adolescents, 188 girls (57,7%) and 138 boys (42,3%), participated in this study. While the mean age of all participants was 16,73 ± 1,56 years, it was found to be 16,80 ± 1,49 years for girls and 16,63 ± 1,64 years for boys. The average body weight of adolescents was 62,138 ± 12,51 kg, and the average height was 166,29 ± 9,3 cm. When BMI of adolescents was examined, it was seen that 55 adolescents were overweight (16,9%) and 18 adolescents were obese (5,5%). The rate of obesity is highest in the 17 age group with 33,3%. In our study, when adolescent BMIs and maternal BMIs were examined, it was observed that as the BMI of the mother increased, adolescent BMI increased xii (p=0,002), but no relationship was found between the father BMI and the adolescent BMI (p=0,109). Obesity was found in the majority of the adolescents with a family history of obesity, while the majority of the individuals without a family history of obesity had normal weight. There was a significant relationship between family history of obesity and adolescent BMI (p<0,05). As the time spent in front of the screen increased, the duration of healthy sleep was significantly reduced (p<0,05). It was seen that advertising significantly increased the frequency of packaged product consumption of adolescents (p<0,05). It was seen that adolescents pay attention to expiry date and low calorie when buying packaged products. Therefore, there is a statistically significant relationship between the characteristics of labeling and label reading (p=0,001). When sedentar individuals were compared with adolescents with moderate and high physical activity, BMI increased significantly as physical activity decreased (p=0.001). Conclusion: It is expected that adolescents with a family history of obesity should be at risk for obesity, their feeding habits will be affected by media and advertising, and physical activity severity will have a significant effect on BMI. For this reason, it is of great importance to develop healthy lifestyle principles from infancy as personal and managerial, and to spread the education to the society in the form of stable and continuous state policies.
ABSTRACT: Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between obesity and nutrition habits of adolescents between ages of 15-19, who were attending a course in Antakya. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 326 adolescents (188 females, 138 males) aged between 15-19 years who were attending a course at the Hatay Metropolitan Municipality Support Training Center. A questionnaire consisted of 29 questions about sociodemographic and general characteristics of the participating adolescents, food consumption frequency form, 24-hour retrospective food consumption record and International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ) were applied in this study. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.) package programme. Shapiro Wilk test, Chi-square tests, One Way ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis tests were used to evaluate the data. The level of significance was adopted as ? = 0.05. Results: A total of 326 adolescents, 188 girls (57,7%) and 138 boys (42,3%), participated in this study. While the mean age of all participants was 16,73 ± 1,56 years, it was found to be 16,80 ± 1,49 years for girls and 16,63 ± 1,64 years for boys. The average body weight of adolescents was 62,138 ± 12,51 kg, and the average height was 166,29 ± 9,3 cm. When BMI of adolescents was examined, it was seen that 55 adolescents were overweight (16,9%) and 18 adolescents were obese (5,5%). The rate of obesity is highest in the 17 age group with 33,3%. In our study, when adolescent BMIs and maternal BMIs were examined, it was observed that as the BMI of the mother increased, adolescent BMI increased xii (p=0,002), but no relationship was found between the father BMI and the adolescent BMI (p=0,109). Obesity was found in the majority of the adolescents with a family history of obesity, while the majority of the individuals without a family history of obesity had normal weight. There was a significant relationship between family history of obesity and adolescent BMI (p<0,05). As the time spent in front of the screen increased, the duration of healthy sleep was significantly reduced (p<0,05). It was seen that advertising significantly increased the frequency of packaged product consumption of adolescents (p<0,05). It was seen that adolescents pay attention to expiry date and low calorie when buying packaged products. Therefore, there is a statistically significant relationship between the characteristics of labeling and label reading (p=0,001). When sedentar individuals were compared with adolescents with moderate and high physical activity, BMI increased significantly as physical activity decreased (p=0.001). Conclusion: It is expected that adolescents with a family history of obesity should be at risk for obesity, their feeding habits will be affected by media and advertising, and physical activity severity will have a significant effect on BMI. For this reason, it is of great importance to develop healthy lifestyle principles from infancy as personal and managerial, and to spread the education to the society in the form of stable and continuous state policies.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Adölesan, beslenme, fiziksel aktivite, obezite, beslenme alışkanlıkları, Adolescent, nutrition, physical activity, obesity
