Otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan ve tipik gelişen çocukların beslenme davranışlarının karşılaştırılması ve ailelerinin beslenme bilgi düzeylerinin incelenmesi
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Tarih
2023
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İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
ÖZET: Bu çalışmada, otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan ve tipik gelişen çocukların beslenme davranışlarını karşılaştırılması ve ebeveynlerinin beslenme bilgi düzeylerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma Balıkesir ilinde yaşayan 3-6 yaş arasında 69 (33 otizm tanısı almış, 36 tipik gelişim gösteren) katılımcı ve bu çocukların ebeveynleri ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada kullanılan anket formunda çocuklara ve ebeveynlerine ait demografik bilgiler, çocukların beslenme davranışlarını saptamak amacıyla ‘Çocuklarda Yeme Davranışı Anketi’ (ÇYDA) ölçeği, besin tüketim sıklığı formu ve ebeveynlerinin beslenme bilgi düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla ‘Yetişkinler İçin Beslenme Bilgi Düzeyi’ (YETBİD) ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Otizm tanısı almış 33 çocuğun %21.2’si kız, %78.8’i erkektir (p<0.05). Otizmli çocukların ara öğün tüketiminin tipik gelişen çocuklara kıyasla daha az olduğu saptanmış ve fark önemli bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan çocuklarda %69.7 oranında sevdiği besini tüketemeyince sinir atağı yaşama durumu gözlenerek tipik gelişen çocuklardan daha yüksek orana sahip oldukları saptanmıştır (p<0.05). Otizmli çocukların %81.8’inin yemek seçtiği saptanmıştır (p<0.05). Tipik gelişen çocukların %2.8’i bağırsak problemi yaşarken otizmli çocukların %45.5’i bağırsak problemi yaşamaktadır (p<0.05). Çocuklarda Yeme Davranışı Anketi ölçeği sonucunda otizmli çocukların daha fazla duygusal aşırı yeme davranışı sergilediği saptanmıştır (p<0.05). Tipik gelişen çocukların ebeveynlerinin eğitim düzeyi otizmli çocukların ebeveynlerine kıyasla daha yüksektir (p<0.05). Beslenme ve sağlık arasındaki ilişki sorgulandığında tipik gelişim gösteren çocukların ebeveynleri daha yüksek puan aldığı gözlenmiştir (p<0.05). Çalışma sonucunda otizmli çocukların tipik gelişim gösteren akranlarına kıyasla beslenme konusunda daha çok problem yaşadıkları ve ailelerinin beslenme konusundaki bilgilerinin daha az olduğu saptansa da bu konuda daha büyük kapsamlı yapılacak destekleyici çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
ABSTRACT: This study aimed to compare the nutritional behaviors of children with autism spectrum disorder and children with typical development, and to examine the nutritional knowledge levels of their parents. The study was conducted with 69 (33 diagnosed with autism, 36 typical development) participants aged 3-6 years living in Balıkesir and their parents. In the questionnaire used in the study, demographic information of children and their parents, 'Eating Behavior Questionnaire for Children' scale to determine the nutritional behaviors of children, food consumption frequency form and the 'Nutrition Knowledge Level for Adults' scale to determine the nutritional knowledge level of their parents were used. Among 33 children diagnosed with autism, %21.2 were girls and %78.8 were boys (p<0.05). It was determined that the consumption of snacks in children with autism was less than those of children with typical development, and the difference found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Children with autism spectrum disorder found to have a higher rate of nervous attack when they could not consume their favorite food at a rate of %69.7 (p<0.05). It determined that %81.8 of children with autism choose food (p<0.05). While %2.8 of children with typical developement had intestinal problems, %45.5 of children with autism had intestinal problems (p<0.05). As a result of the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire scale, it determined that the autistic group exhibited more emotional overeating behavior (p<0.05). The education level of parents of children with typical developement was higher than parents of children with autism (p<0.05). When the relationship between nutrition and health was questioned, it was observed that the parents of children with typical development scored higher (p<0.05). As a result of the study, it has been determined that children with autism have more problems with nutrition compared to their children with typical developement peers and their families have less knowledge about nutrition, but there is a need for more comprehensive supportive studies on this subject.
ABSTRACT: This study aimed to compare the nutritional behaviors of children with autism spectrum disorder and children with typical development, and to examine the nutritional knowledge levels of their parents. The study was conducted with 69 (33 diagnosed with autism, 36 typical development) participants aged 3-6 years living in Balıkesir and their parents. In the questionnaire used in the study, demographic information of children and their parents, 'Eating Behavior Questionnaire for Children' scale to determine the nutritional behaviors of children, food consumption frequency form and the 'Nutrition Knowledge Level for Adults' scale to determine the nutritional knowledge level of their parents were used. Among 33 children diagnosed with autism, %21.2 were girls and %78.8 were boys (p<0.05). It was determined that the consumption of snacks in children with autism was less than those of children with typical development, and the difference found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Children with autism spectrum disorder found to have a higher rate of nervous attack when they could not consume their favorite food at a rate of %69.7 (p<0.05). It determined that %81.8 of children with autism choose food (p<0.05). While %2.8 of children with typical developement had intestinal problems, %45.5 of children with autism had intestinal problems (p<0.05). As a result of the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire scale, it determined that the autistic group exhibited more emotional overeating behavior (p<0.05). The education level of parents of children with typical developement was higher than parents of children with autism (p<0.05). When the relationship between nutrition and health was questioned, it was observed that the parents of children with typical development scored higher (p<0.05). As a result of the study, it has been determined that children with autism have more problems with nutrition compared to their children with typical developement peers and their families have less knowledge about nutrition, but there is a need for more comprehensive supportive studies on this subject.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Beslenme, Beslenme Bilgi Düzeyi, Beslenme Davranışı, Otizm, Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu, Nutrition, Nutrition Knowledge Level, Nutritional Behavior, Autism, Autism Spectrum Disorder
