Effects of chronotype on Mediterranean diet adherence and appetite status in young adults

Abstract

Chronotypes are classified as morning, evening, and intermediate types, and individuals with evening chronotypes are thought to have less healthy diets. Studies on the chronotypes of young adults at risk for disordered eating and sleep habits and the effects of chronotypes on nutrition are limited. Our study aimed to evaluate appetite status and Mediterranean diet scores according to chronotypes in young adults. The study was conducted in a cross-sectional design on 362 healthy young adults aged 18-35 years. Participants’ appetite status, chronotype categories, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet were determined using scales. The data from the study were analysed using SPSS 28.0 software. According to the results of the study, morning chronotype individuals (7.69±0.31) adhere to the Mediterranean diet more than evening chronotype individuals (6.54±0.28) (p=0.002). A negative correlation was found between Mediterranean diet scores and evening (R=-0.184, p=0.000) and screen-based appetite (R=-0.104, p=0.048). However, no significant differences were found between chronotypes regarding appetite status (p>0.05). This study revealed that individuals in the morning chronotype showed higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet and that individuals in the evening chronotype are a group that needs more attention in terms of nutrition. These findings may contribute to the development of nutrition and health policies.