Reincarnating the sacred and the profane: An overview of the historical evolution of Turkish foreign policy & current trends under the AKP government (2002-2004)
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Tarih
2007
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti kurulusndan bu yana ihtiyatlı ve maceracı olmayan bir dıs politika izlemistir. Modern Türkiye'nin baslangıçta nötr ve partizan olmayan politika durusu Ikinci Dünya Savası'ndan sonra yüzü Batı'ya dönmüs olsa da genel hatlarıyla aynı kalmıstır. Soguk Savas Dönemi'nin çift kutuplu dünya yapısı 1981 Darbesi sonrası seçimlerine kadar dıs politikada bir süreklilik saglamıstır. Sovyet Blok'unun dagılmasının getirdigi zorluk ve fırsatlar Ankara'yı giderek daha aktif bir politika izlemeye itmistir. 1999'dan sonra Türkiye'nin AB ile daha da yakınlasmasıyla, genis çaplı bir demokratiklesme sürecine giren ülke iç politika anlamında büyük bir dönüsüm geçirmistir. Bu dönemde Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi (AKP) ile vücut bulan bir Islam Hareketi dönüsümü de es zamanlı olarak gerçeklesmistir. AKP'nin AB projesini benimsemesi ve Batı degerlerine baglılıgı, Türkiye'nin Avrupalılasma sürecine olumlu katkıda bulunmus ve Kemalist kesimin tepkilerinin önünü kesmistir. Bir dıs kaynak olan AB tarafından tesvik edilen iç güç dengelerinin yeniden yapılandırmaları AKP'nin devlet otoritesini daha da sivillestirmesine yardımcı olmustur. Bunun dıs politika alanına yansıması ise iyi niyetli bölgesel güç profili olusturmaya yönelik ve eski baskıcı bakıs açısını kıran daha özgüvenli bir dıs politika durusu seklinde gerçeklesmistir. Iktidarda bulundugu ilk iki yıl içerisinde AKP yeni dıs politika algılarını 2004'te gerçeklesen Kıbrıs'ın yeniden birlestirilmesi çabası gibi olayla sergilemistir.
Since its establishment, the Turkish Republic assumed a cautious, non-adventurist approach to foreign policy. Modern Turkeys initial neutral and non-partisan attitude was replaced, after the end of the second World War, with a strong commitment to the West, although the previous policy patterns remained in place. The ensuing Cold War era provided for foreign policy stability, amidst a bi-polar world structure, which was not seriously challenged until the first post-1981 coup elections. The challenges and opportunities that the demise of the Soviet bloc brought about, increasingly urged Ankara to assume a pro-active foreign policy. After 1999, with Turkeys closer engagement to the EU, the domestic order experienced an extensive transformation, as the country embarked on a large-scale democratization process. This period coincided with the transformation of the Islamist movement, engendered through the establishment Justice and Development Party (AKP). The AKPs embracing of the EU project and its adherence to Western values strengthened Turkeys Europeanization course and was instrumental in muting the reactions of the Kemalist establishment. Domestic power reconfigurations, induced by an external source - the EU - helped the AKP government to further civilianize state authority. The implications for the foreign policy domain involved a more self-confident attitude, with policy-making tilting towards a `benign regional power profile, discarding the old `coercive outlook. In its first two years in power, AKP demonstrated its new foreign policy perceptions on occasions like the Cyprus reunification attempt in 2004.
Since its establishment, the Turkish Republic assumed a cautious, non-adventurist approach to foreign policy. Modern Turkeys initial neutral and non-partisan attitude was replaced, after the end of the second World War, with a strong commitment to the West, although the previous policy patterns remained in place. The ensuing Cold War era provided for foreign policy stability, amidst a bi-polar world structure, which was not seriously challenged until the first post-1981 coup elections. The challenges and opportunities that the demise of the Soviet bloc brought about, increasingly urged Ankara to assume a pro-active foreign policy. After 1999, with Turkeys closer engagement to the EU, the domestic order experienced an extensive transformation, as the country embarked on a large-scale democratization process. This period coincided with the transformation of the Islamist movement, engendered through the establishment Justice and Development Party (AKP). The AKPs embracing of the EU project and its adherence to Western values strengthened Turkeys Europeanization course and was instrumental in muting the reactions of the Kemalist establishment. Domestic power reconfigurations, induced by an external source - the EU - helped the AKP government to further civilianize state authority. The implications for the foreign policy domain involved a more self-confident attitude, with policy-making tilting towards a `benign regional power profile, discarding the old `coercive outlook. In its first two years in power, AKP demonstrated its new foreign policy perceptions on occasions like the Cyprus reunification attempt in 2004.
