Negotiating agency and self in digital platform work in Türkiye
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu tez, dijital emek platformlarının işçiler üzerindeki emek kontrolü etkilerini incelemektedir. Dijital platformların ortaya çıkışının, ağırlıklı olarak dijital olarak aracılık edilen birçok hizmetteki emek süreçleri üzerinde önemli etkileri olmuştur. Geleneksel emek kontrol mekanizmalarının yokluğunda, platformların emek kontrolünde teknoloji ve veri kullanımı, emek sürecinin gerçekleşmesine olduğu kadar kontrol edilip değerlendirilmesine de ciddi değişiklikler getirmektedir. Bu yeni dijital kontrol araçlarının anlamı, işçi failliği ve öznellikleri üzerindeki etkileriyle ilişkili olarak incelenmektedir. Platform çalışmasının emek kontrolüne etkisi, uluslararası literatürde yüksek vasıflı işlerde uzaktan platform emeği çerçevesinde ya da teslimat ve ulaşım hizmetlerindeki düşük vasıflı yerel platform emeği çerçevesinde kapsamlı çalışmalara konu olmuştur. Platform çalışmasının bu tür biçimlerine gösterilen bu ilgiye rağmen, ev işleri ağırlıklı olarak platformlar aracılığıyla sunulmakta ve hem müşterilerin emek kontrolündeki rolü, hem de ev işlerinin doğası açısından emek kontrolü tartışmaları için önemli sonuçlar doğurmaktadır. Araştırma, Türkiye'de popüler bir platform olan Armut'ta sunulan temizlik ve çeşitli onarım hizmetleri gibi ev işçiliğine odaklanarak, düşük vasıflı platform emeğini incelemektedir. Çalışmada yapılandırmacı gömülü teori metodolojisi kullanılmıştır. Veriler, platform çalışanlarıyla yapılan görüşmeler ve kamuya açık platform video içerikleri aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Çalışanlar ve müşteriler arasındaki müzakere kavramını ön plana çıkaran bir teori oluşturmak için platform çalışma modelleri arasında karşılaştırmalı bir analiz yapılmıştır. Bulgular, platformun rekabetçi ortamının önemli rolünün yanı sıra platform mekanizmalarının müzakerelerde işçiler pahasına müşterileri güçlendirmesinin işçilerin faillik duygusu üzerinde önemli etkileri olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışma, müşterilerle müzakerelerde daha zayıf bir konuma düşmelerinin bir sonucu olarak, işçilerin emek sürecindeki failliklerini kaybettiklerini, profesyonel kimliklerinin zayıfladığını ve girişimci benliklerinin yaygınlaştığını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu süreçte rekabetin etkileri ve bunun sonucunda işçilerin örgütlenme olasılıklarının zayıflaması tartışılmaktadır.
The thesis examines the labour control implications of digital labour platforms from the point of workers. The emergence of digital labour platforms had considerable effects on labour processes in many services which became dominated by digital form of mediation. In the absence of traditional labour control mechanisms in the platforms, the use of technology and data changed the way how the work is undertaken, as well as how it is controlled and evaluated. The meaning of these new instruments of control are studied in relations to their effects on worker agency and subjectivities. The effect of platform work in relation to labour control has been subject to extensive study, albeit with a dominant focus on high-skilled remote forms of platform work, or low-skilled local platform work in delivery and transportation services. Despite this attention in such forms of platform work, domestic work is offered predominantly through platforms, and has important implications for labour control discussion, in terms of the role of clients in the labour process as well as in terms of the personal nature of several forms of domestic work. The research is undertaken in a low-skilled platform work setting, focusing on domestic forms of work such as cleaning and various repair services offered at Armut, a popular platform in Turkey. Constructivist grounded theory methodology is employed in the study. The data was gathered through interviews with platform workers and through publicly available platform video content. A comparative analysis between platform working models as well as between cleaning and repair works was undertaken to build a theory bringing the negotiation concept between workers and clients to the fore. The findings suggest the substantive role of the competitive working model of the platform and that the platform mechanisms to empower clients at the expense of workers in negotiations have considerable effects on the sense of agency of workers. The study finds that as a result of a weaker position in negotiating with clients, workers lose their agency in the labour process, eroding their professional identities and resulting in the prevalence of entrepreneurial selves. The effects of competition in this process, as well as the resulting weakening of workers' organizational prospects are discussed.
The thesis examines the labour control implications of digital labour platforms from the point of workers. The emergence of digital labour platforms had considerable effects on labour processes in many services which became dominated by digital form of mediation. In the absence of traditional labour control mechanisms in the platforms, the use of technology and data changed the way how the work is undertaken, as well as how it is controlled and evaluated. The meaning of these new instruments of control are studied in relations to their effects on worker agency and subjectivities. The effect of platform work in relation to labour control has been subject to extensive study, albeit with a dominant focus on high-skilled remote forms of platform work, or low-skilled local platform work in delivery and transportation services. Despite this attention in such forms of platform work, domestic work is offered predominantly through platforms, and has important implications for labour control discussion, in terms of the role of clients in the labour process as well as in terms of the personal nature of several forms of domestic work. The research is undertaken in a low-skilled platform work setting, focusing on domestic forms of work such as cleaning and various repair services offered at Armut, a popular platform in Turkey. Constructivist grounded theory methodology is employed in the study. The data was gathered through interviews with platform workers and through publicly available platform video content. A comparative analysis between platform working models as well as between cleaning and repair works was undertaken to build a theory bringing the negotiation concept between workers and clients to the fore. The findings suggest the substantive role of the competitive working model of the platform and that the platform mechanisms to empower clients at the expense of workers in negotiations have considerable effects on the sense of agency of workers. The study finds that as a result of a weaker position in negotiating with clients, workers lose their agency in the labour process, eroding their professional identities and resulting in the prevalence of entrepreneurial selves. The effects of competition in this process, as well as the resulting weakening of workers' organizational prospects are discussed.
Açıklama
Lisansüstü Programlar Enstitüsü, Siyaset Bilimi Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Sosyoloji, Sociology, Çalışma Ekonomisi ve Endüstri İlişkileri
