İmroz'dan Gökçeada'ya: Adanın türkleştirilme süreci
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmanın amacı, Lozan Antlaşması ile Türk-Yunan nüfus mübadelesi dışında tutulan İmroz adasındaki Rumların adayı terk etmesi ve adanın Türkleştirilmesi amacıyla devlet tarafından 1960'lı yıllarda başlatılan sistemli insan hakları ihlallerinin hangi hukuki ve idari yöntemler ile ne şekilde gerçekleştirildiğini ve bunların sonuçlarını incelemektir. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nin kurucu antlaşması olan Lozan Barış Antlaşması kapsamında hukuki olarak da azınlık şeklinde tanımlanan ve koruma altına alınan Gayrimüslim Rum azınlıkların yaşadığı adayı konu alan çalışma bu sebeple azınlıklar ve azınlık haklarına dair bir giriş ile başlamaktadır. Çalışmanın birinci bölümünde azınlık kavramı ile azınlık haklarını konu alan hukuk metinleri kapsamında azınlık haklarının yirminci yüzyıla kadar tarihsel ve hukuki gelişimi incelenmiştir. İkinci bölümde azınlık haklarına ilişkin büyük gelişmeler yaşanan Birinci Dünya Savaşı sonrası yıllardan bu yana yapılan uluslararası hukuk düzenlemeleri ve bu düzenlemeleri gerçekleştiren uluslararası kurumlar ile bu düzenlemelerin Türk hukukuna yansımaları incelenmiştir. Bu bölümün Türk hukukunda azınlıklar kısmında ise Lozan antlaşmasının azınlıklara ilişkin hükümleri, Türkiye'de günümüze kadar yürürlüğe giren dört Anayasalarındaki Tük kimliği ve vatandaşlık kavramına yaklaşım ve son olarak da Türk kanunlarında azınlıklara yönelik tedbir niteliğindeki düzenlemeler değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın omurgası olan üçüncü bölümde ise Türk devletinin adaya yönelik yaklaşım ve politikalarının İmroz adasında yaşayan Rumları ne şekilde ve nasıl etkilediği ada hakkındaki idari raporlar, arşiv belgeleri, meclis görüşmeleri, kanunlar, Milli Güvenlik Kurulu Raporu ve mahkeme kararları ile incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda adada uygulanan politikaların yurttaşlık, mülkiyet hakkı, güvenlik hakkı, ana dilde eğitim hakkı gibi hususlarda ne şekilde hak ihlallerine yol açtığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca adanın Türkleştirilmesi amacıyla devlet tarafından ülkenin başka yerlerinden iskân edilen Türkler ve zorla göç ettirilen Rumların sayılarına dair veriler ile bu göç hareketleri sonucunda yaşanan demografik değişim de çalışmada yer alan başka bir konu olmuştur.
The aim of this study is to examine the legal and administrative methods and the manner in which the systematic human rights violations initiated by the Turkish state in the 1960s in order for the Greeks on the island of Imbros, which was excluded from the Turkish-Greek population exchange by the Treaty of Lausanne, to leave the island and to Turkify the island, and the consequences of these violations. The study, which focuses on the island inhabited by non-Muslim Greek minorities, who are legally defined as minorities and protected under the Lausanne Peace Treaty, the founding treaty of the Republic of Turkey, therefore begins with an introduction on minorities and minority rights. The first part of the study examines the concept of minorities and the historical and legal development of minority rights until the twentieth century within the scope of legal texts on minority rights. In the second part, the international legal arrangements made since the years after the First World War, when there were major developments regarding minority rights, and the international institutions that realized these arrangements and the reflections of these arrangements on Turkish law are examined. In the section on minorities in Turkish law, the articles of the Treaty of Lausanne on minorities, the approach to the concept of Turkish identity and citizenship in the four Constitutions of the Turkey that have come into force until today, and finally the regulations in Turkish law that are measures against minorities are evaluated. In the third part, which is the core of the study, the approach and policies of the Turkish state towards the island and how they affected the Greeks living on the island of Imbros are analyzed through administrative reports, archival documents, parliamentary debates, laws, the National Security Council Report and court decisions. Accordingly, it has been determined how the policies implemented on the island led to violations of rights on issues such as citizenship, property rights, security rights, and the right to education in the mother tongue. In addition, data on the number of Turks who were resettled by the Turkish state from other parts of the country in order to Turkify the island, and the number of Greeks who were forcibly displaced, as well as the demographic change that occurred as a result of these migration movements, were also included in the study
The aim of this study is to examine the legal and administrative methods and the manner in which the systematic human rights violations initiated by the Turkish state in the 1960s in order for the Greeks on the island of Imbros, which was excluded from the Turkish-Greek population exchange by the Treaty of Lausanne, to leave the island and to Turkify the island, and the consequences of these violations. The study, which focuses on the island inhabited by non-Muslim Greek minorities, who are legally defined as minorities and protected under the Lausanne Peace Treaty, the founding treaty of the Republic of Turkey, therefore begins with an introduction on minorities and minority rights. The first part of the study examines the concept of minorities and the historical and legal development of minority rights until the twentieth century within the scope of legal texts on minority rights. In the second part, the international legal arrangements made since the years after the First World War, when there were major developments regarding minority rights, and the international institutions that realized these arrangements and the reflections of these arrangements on Turkish law are examined. In the section on minorities in Turkish law, the articles of the Treaty of Lausanne on minorities, the approach to the concept of Turkish identity and citizenship in the four Constitutions of the Turkey that have come into force until today, and finally the regulations in Turkish law that are measures against minorities are evaluated. In the third part, which is the core of the study, the approach and policies of the Turkish state towards the island and how they affected the Greeks living on the island of Imbros are analyzed through administrative reports, archival documents, parliamentary debates, laws, the National Security Council Report and court decisions. Accordingly, it has been determined how the policies implemented on the island led to violations of rights on issues such as citizenship, property rights, security rights, and the right to education in the mother tongue. In addition, data on the number of Turks who were resettled by the Turkish state from other parts of the country in order to Turkify the island, and the number of Greeks who were forcibly displaced, as well as the demographic change that occurred as a result of these migration movements, were also included in the study
Açıklama
Lisansüstü Programlar Enstitüsü, İnsan Hakları Hukuku Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Hukuk, Law
