Avrupa Birliği ve Türk rekabet hukukunda De Minimis kuralı
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Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
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Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
ÖZET: Rekabet hukuku temelde ekonomik yoğunlaşmalara odaklanarak piyasa aksaklıklarını gidermeyi hedef almaktadır. Ekonomik yoğunlaşmaların dışında kalan, pazardaki rekabet üzerinde hissedilir etkisi bulunmayan pazar payı veya cirosu düşük teşebbüslerin ise rekabet hukuku kapsamında düzenlenen yasaklar çerçevesinde değerlendirilmemesi gerektiği fikrinden de minimis kuralı rekabet hukuku alanında doğmuştur. Böylelikle, rekabet otoritelerinin sınırlı kaynaklarını ve zamanını pazarda etkisi hissedilir olmayan ihlaller yerine daha büyük ve önemli rekabet ihlallerine yönlendirmesi hedeflenmiştir. De minimis kuralı Avrupa Birliği’nde Avrupa Birliği Adalet Divanı içtihatlarıyla ortaya çıkmış ve Avrupa Komisyonu’nun bildirileri ile şekil almıştır. Avrupa Birliği’ne üye ülkeler de minimis kuralını mevzuatlarına dahil ederken genellikle Avrupa Komisyonu’nun bildirilerini örnek almışlardır. Türkiye’de de 7246 sayılı Rekabetin Korunması Hakkında Kanunda Değişiklik Yapılmasına Dair Kanun ile de minimis kuralı mevzuata dahil edilmiş ve bu doğrultuda 2021/3 sayılı Rekabetı? Kayda Değer Ölçüde Kısıtlamayan Anlaşma, Uyumlu Eylem ve Teşebbüs Birliği Karar ve Eylemlerine İlişkin Tebliğ yayımlanmıştır. Tebliğ büyük ölçüde Avrupa Komisyonu’nun De Minimis Bildirisi’ni esas almaktadır. Bu çerçevede, de minimis kuralının öncelikle Avrupa Birliği’ndeki gelişimi incelenecek ve Avrupa Birliği ile Türk rekabet hukuku de minimis düzenlemeleri karşılaştırılacaktır. Böylelikle, de minimis kuralını ve bu kuralın Türk rekabet hukukunda ne gibi değişiklikler meydana getireceği anlaşılacaktır.
ABSTRACT: Competition law mainly aims to eliminate market failures while focusing on economic concentrations. In the field of competition law, the de minimis rule arose from the idea that undertakings with a small market share or turnover - which are outside economic concentrations and do not have an appreciable effect on competition in the market - should not be judged under the prohibitions regulated by competition law. In this way, it is aimed to direct the attention of the competition authorities with limited resources and time, to larger and more important competition violations, rather than the violations that have no appreciable effect on the market. The de minimis rule has been generated in the European Union through the decisions of the Court of Justice of the European Union and was shaped upon the notices of the European Commission. The member states of the European Union have largely followed these notices of European Commission as a basis while adopting the de minimis rule in their legislation. In Turkey the de minimis rule was included in the legislation under the Law No. 7246 Amending the Law on the Protection of Competition, and accordingly, the Communiqué No. 2021/3 on Agreements, Concerted Practices and Decisions and Practices of Associations of Undertakings That Do Not Significantly Restrict Competition was published. The Communiqué is largely based on the De Minimis Notice of the European Commission. In this context, the development of the de minimis rule in the European Union will be examined and Turkish and the European Union competition law regulations regarding the de minimis rule will be compared. As a result, it will be possible to comprehend the de minimis rule and the ramifications it will have on Turkish competition law.
ABSTRACT: Competition law mainly aims to eliminate market failures while focusing on economic concentrations. In the field of competition law, the de minimis rule arose from the idea that undertakings with a small market share or turnover - which are outside economic concentrations and do not have an appreciable effect on competition in the market - should not be judged under the prohibitions regulated by competition law. In this way, it is aimed to direct the attention of the competition authorities with limited resources and time, to larger and more important competition violations, rather than the violations that have no appreciable effect on the market. The de minimis rule has been generated in the European Union through the decisions of the Court of Justice of the European Union and was shaped upon the notices of the European Commission. The member states of the European Union have largely followed these notices of European Commission as a basis while adopting the de minimis rule in their legislation. In Turkey the de minimis rule was included in the legislation under the Law No. 7246 Amending the Law on the Protection of Competition, and accordingly, the Communiqué No. 2021/3 on Agreements, Concerted Practices and Decisions and Practices of Associations of Undertakings That Do Not Significantly Restrict Competition was published. The Communiqué is largely based on the De Minimis Notice of the European Commission. In this context, the development of the de minimis rule in the European Union will be examined and Turkish and the European Union competition law regulations regarding the de minimis rule will be compared. As a result, it will be possible to comprehend the de minimis rule and the ramifications it will have on Turkish competition law.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
De Minimis, Rekabet Hukuku, Hissedilebilirlik, Küçük Öneme Sahip Anlaşmalar, Kayda Değer Etki, Competition Law, Appreciability, Agreements of Minor Importance, Appreciable Effect
