Yazar "Pinar, Mehmet" seçeneğine göre listele

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    Asymmetric effect of energy security on economic performance: evidence from panel quantile regression
    (Elsevier, 2026) Pinar, Mehmet
    Energy security is essential for building resilient economies and sustaining economic growth, as it directly influences productivity, competitiveness, and overall economic performance. While existing research has explored the relationship between energy security and economic development, the asymmetric effects of energy security on economic performance remain under-examined. This paper seeks to address that gap. To test the asymmetric effects of energy security, we use various energy security proxies (domestic energy production relative to consumption, energy production per capita, renewable energy share, energy intensity, and energy consumption per capita) and employ a panel dataset of 117 countries from 2000 to 2022, and apply a panel quantile estimation method. The results reveal strong heterogeneity across income levels. Energy production relative to consumption and population, and energy consumption per capita, have stronger positive effects on GDP per capita in lower quantiles, highlighting the importance of energy availability and access in the early stages of development. By contrast, the renewable energy share has a negative effect in poorer economies but turns positive in richer economies, reflecting the high costs of renewable energy adoption for low-income countries and the benefits it generates in advanced economies. Energy intensity consistently has a negative impact, but the magnitude varies nonlinearly across quantiles, underscoring the role of energy efficiency. The results are robust to alternative sample compositions excluding microstates and to an aggregate measure of energy security constructed using principal component analysis. Overall, the findings suggest that energy policy should be tailored to countries' development levels.
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    Asymmetric effects of EU cohesion policy on EU regional growth: The role of macroeconomic uncertainty
    (Elsevier, 2024) Pinar, Mehmet; Karahasan, Burhan Can
    Cohesion policy and the EU funds have been key elements for territorial integration in Europe. Evidence shows that EU funds support the growth performance of regions. However, less has been discussed about the potential impact of macroeconomic uncertainty on the effectiveness of EU funds. Our analyses confirm that EU funds are important in understanding regional economic growth differences. However, the extent of macroeconomic uncertainty decreases the effectiveness of the EU funds. Our results are robust in including local controls, non-linearity of the EU funds' effect, different EU fund categories, and regional heterogeneity in the EU.
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    Convergence in energy self-sufficiency: the role of renewable energy, fossil fuel rents, energy efficiency and gross domestic product per capita
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2025) Pinar, Mehmet
    Increasing energy self-sufficiency and energy security are essential for countries to promote sustainable development. Analyzing convergence in energy self-sufficiency is crucial for designing policies to address energy security challenges. This paper examines convergence in energy self-sufficiency (measured by the ratio of total primary energy production to total primary energy consumption) across 159 countries from 1993 to 2022. The club convergence algorithm is used to assess whether all countries converge in energy self-sufficiency. The findings indicate that there is no overall convergence across all countries, but distinct convergence clubs exist. Additionally, the analysis reveals varying numbers of convergence clubs in energy self-sufficiency across different geographical regions. Furthermore, conditional beta convergence analyses are conducted using system generalized methods of moments (GMM) to identify the key determinants of energy self-sufficiency. A Probit model is also employed to examine the factors that increase the likelihood of belonging to a high-energy selfsufficiency club. The results suggest that countries with higher fossil fuel rents, greater renewable energy production, and improved energy efficiency tend to increase their energy self-sufficiency and belong to the final convergence club with higher energy self-sufficiency.
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    Green Aid and Environmental Quality in Developing Countries: The Role of Donor-Recipient Institutional Differences
    (Wiley, 2025) Pinar, Mehmet
    Green aid aims to increase the capacity of countries to mitigate the impacts of climate change by improving energy efficiency and deploying green and renewable energy technologies in developing countries. While various donor and recipient country characteristics for the effectiveness of foreign aid have been examined, the role of donor-recipient institutional quality proximity has not been investigated. This paper analyzes the role of donor-recipient institutional quality proximity for the effectiveness of green aid in improving environmental quality in developing countries using bilateral green aid flows from 29 donors to 97 recipient countries between 2002 and 2018. The findings demonstrate that green aid improves environmental quality; however, the effectiveness of green aid decreases when the donor-recipient institutional quality differences increase. Aid allocation that considers donor-recipient institutional quality differences could enhance the effectiveness of green aid in improving environmental quality.
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    Green Innovation and Energy Efficiency: Moderating Effect of Institutional Quality Based on the Threshold Model
    (Springer, 2024) Chen, Chaoyi; Pinar, Mehmet; Roman-Collado, Rocio
    Recent studies demonstrated that green innovation and environment-related technologies reduce energy intensity and improve energy efficiency, contributing to the reduction of carbon emissions. However, the existing studies employ linear estimation methods to examine the relationship between green innovation and energy intensity and do not consider the indirect implications of institutional quality for the effect of green technology on energy intensity. Institutional quality is found to be an essential driver of innovation, and countries may need to achieve at least a minimum level of institutional quality to promote green innovation and improve their energy intensity. To test this hypothesis, this paper examines the relationship between energy intensity and green innovation using a panel dataset from 72 countries between 1996 and 2017 and a panel threshold model when institutional quality is considered a threshold variable. The findings highlight that green innovation reduces the energy intensity if and only if countries surpass a certain threshold of institutional quality. Therefore, countries need to improve their institutional quality to promote green innovation and benefit from green technologies in improving their energy intensity.
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    Heterogeneous impact of innovation on economic development: Evidence from EU regions
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2026) Pinar, Mehmet; Karahasan, Burhan Can
    This paper investigates the heterogeneous impact of innovation on economic development across European Union (EU) regions, with a focus on regional competitiveness driven by innovation-based capabilities. While innovation is a key driver of economic growth, its effects are not uniformly distributed. Using the Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression models, the study examines how different dimensions of innovation (technological readiness, business sophistication, and overall innovation capacity) affect regional GDP per capita. The results show that regions with higher innovation-based competitiveness generally achieve higher income levels. However, the impact of innovation is spatially uneven. While core EU regions (particularly, in Northern and Western Europe) benefit more strongly from innovation, peripheral regions (in Southern and Eastern Europe) often experience weaker and in some cases even negative, effects. These results highlight the importance of accounting for spatial variation when designing innovation and cohesion policies. The paper calls for tailored, place-based strategies to address regional disparities in innovation-driven development and suggests that current EU policies should be adjusted to better support lagging regions.
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    Institutional Quality and Geography of Discontent in the EU
    (Wiley, 2023) Karahasan, Burhan Can; Pinar, Mehmet
    There has been a significant rise in anti-establishment votes in the European Union (EU). The decline in socio-economic outcomes and migration played an important role in understanding the rising discontent. However, none of the existing studies analysed the effect of socio-economic factors in different institutional settings. Our findings confirm that institutional quality is of paramount importance in explaining the recent rise in populism in the EU, as institutionally developed EU regions are less opposed to EU integration. Remarkably, the effects of socio-economic factors on populist votes vary in different institutional settings. The findings highlight that institutional improvements are vital for the EU perception of less developed and socio-economically isolated EU regions.
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    Skilled labor convergence across Turkish regions: a club convergence algorithm approach
    (Physica-Verlag Gmbh & Co, 2025) Eris-Dereli, Bilge; Pinar, Mehmet
    Human capital and skill differences are among the main determinants of income per capita, technology and productivity differences across regions and countries. This paper uses the Phillips and Sul convergence club algorithm to investigate convergence in skilled labor force shares across Turkish regions between 2005 and 2022. The findings highlight that there is no overall convergence in skilled labor shares across Turkish regions and identify two convergence clubs, one consisting of regions with high shares of the skilled labor force and another with relatively low shares of the skilled labor force. The results indicate a regional heterogeneity in the convergence of skilled labor across different geographical clusters. Finally, the IV Probit (IV-GMM) analyses highlight that the likelihood of being part of a highly skilled club (skilled labor force share) significantly increases with GDP per capita, R&D investment per capita, net migration, and the percentage of higher education graduates, and decreases with the agricultural share of production.