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    Formal Descriptions of Material Manipulations An Exploration with Cuts and Shadows
    (Springer-Verlag Berlin, 2015) Gursoy, Benay; Jowers, Iestyn; Ozkar, Mine
    Shape computation in design is never purely limited to visual aspects and ideally includes material aspects as well. The physicality of designing introduces a wide range of variables for designers to tackle within the design process. We present a simple design exercise realised in four stages where we physically manipulate perforated cardboard sheets as a case to make material variables explicit in the computation. The emphasis is on representing sensory aspects rather than easily quantifiable properties more suitable for simulations. Our explorations demonstrate the use of visual rules to represent actions, variables and form as well as how to control the variables to create new results, both desired and surprising, in materially informed ways.
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    The Hands-on Basics of Contemporary Design Education
    (Ecaade-Education & Research Computer Aided Architectural Design Europe, 2013) Gursoy, Benay
    Learning in the design studio is usually fostered by doing and reflecting on what is done. This paper firstly reiterates that the doing in design is computing, in order to argue for the need for a hands-on design learning even more so in the age of digital curricula. Secondly, it corroborates the importance of tactile involvement in doing, and thus computing, to foster design learning. An experiment is conducted with 15 first year students of architecture the results of which support the argument that hands-on involvement and its interpretation as computing is essential to learning in the studio.
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    Visualizing making: Shapes, materials, and actions
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2015) Gursoy, Benay; Ozkar, Mine
    The increasing interest in materiality currently challenges the long existing traditions that consider visual thinking as the primary actor in design creativity. Shape grammars offer a formalism to represent visual reasoning in design, which is never purely limited to the visual aspects of design processes. Aiming to develop ways to explicitly include material manipulation in a computational formalism, we report on an ongoing exploration of how shape computation extends beyond abstract visual shapes to incorporate material shapes that have a physical existence. We present a materially informed process with shape rules and show that we can apply these rules creatively to explore the physical character of the material. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    WHY IS MAKING IMPORTANT FOR THE CULTURE OF DESIGN?
    (Caadria-Assoc Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research Asia, 2016) Gursoy, Benay
    A select review of making in design in an epistemological framework presents two dominant approaches and a less practiced third approach. Whereas the first two value the control and accuracy in the processing of information, the third values the uncertainties in the processing of materials. Whereas the first two rely on final product and prior knowledge, the third relies on the processes of formation and flows of matter, and thus is key to a dynamic and sustainable model for design.