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    Leaders' impact on employee well being during the Covid-19 pandemic: a leader-centric perspective
    (İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2022) Gezgin, Cem; Czukor, Gergely
    ABSTRACT: This study intends to clarify a model in detail, utilizing an interpretative phenomenological analysis of expertise and attitudes associated with leadership and emotions in organizations during the COVID-19 pandemic, which trigger followers’ psychological well-being in addition to their physical well-being, and leaders' professional interactions, in the context of a simultaneous and unprecedented sort of global health catastrophe. The focus of this research is on the impact of the leader's attitudes on organizational well-being as well as their perceptions of the corroborative benefits and drawbacks of their follower wellbeing and dedication techniques. This research aims to identify if autocratic leadership style is a preferred method during the pandemic and to understand from the leader’s perspective what leadership styles leaders indeed prefer in tackling the pandemic processes in their attempt to affect positive organizational well-being. Furthermore, this research seeks to provide an understanding, from the perspective of high responsibility leaders, of the significance of organizational contexts that play a critical role in shaping the correct conduct of leadership and its practices. The COVID-19 pandemic is an example of an extraordinary situation that helps to expose the need for an in-depth analysis of existing organizational psychology research studies, and this study seeks to suggest the required results for the above-mentioned purpose, in particular, to identify if autocratic leadership style is the proper method to guide organizations through such a global health crisis. Furthermore, the analysis aims to reveal several main leadership issues in volatile and turbulent conditions, detailing true significant, comprehensive, ethical, and appropriate occupational measures that cause anxiety among followers and institutions, changes in general legislative policies, and impacts organizational well-being, which, if affected severely, may lead to a critical deterioration of organizational performance. Utilizing the interpretative phenomenological analysis methodology and to provide a detailed interpretation of the current research, the researcher has surveyed seven (7) participants with proven leadership skills, examined, and explained through the descriptive narratives of the participants the effects of autocratic leadership or preferred other leadership approaches on emotions in organizations in a specific context (i.e., COVID-19 pandemic). This study’s findings suggest that the consequences of this disaster highlight the need of using leadership abilities correctly and on time. The study’s results indicate that during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, a more moderate, people-oriented leadership style can have extremely positive organizational effects in terms of the sustainability of all operational functions, their further development, increasing productivity, changing or reorganizing the workforce structure, and proper management of emotions in organizations that lead to beneficial organizational well-being. This study’s literature review further suggests that a leader who tries to direct his followers using an autocratic leadership style can have a significant detrimental impact on their performance, especially in times of crisis. As a result, the autocratic leadership style can have extremely negative institutional consequences during the globalization process, particularly during global pandemic crises, because it can be disapproved by followers who are more knowledgeable, open-minded, have quick access to global resources, and become independent, inquisitive, and active. In particular, the autocratic leader does not guide, educate, or mentor his or her followers; followers, on the other hand, require stronger and more positive leadership attributes in times of crisis, which the autocratic leader does not provide. However, as this study’s results strongly indicate, a more follower-focused style of leadership (i.e., transformational leadership style) proves to be an effective method of positive psychological (follower) reinforcement. This study’s results, hence, identify these theoretical implications through a carefully structured thematic analysis of the participants’ narratives.