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Öğe Determinants of Mental Disorders in Syrian Refugees in Turkey Versus Internally Displaced Persons in Syria(2018-07) Ünal, Yeşim; Aker, Ahmet TamerAbstract Objectives: To compare frequencies of some mental health disorders between Syrian refugees living in Turkey and internally displaced persons in Syria, and to identify factors associated with posttraumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder. Methods: We carried out a field survey in May 2017 among 540 internally displaced persons in Syria and refugees in Turkey. Results: The study revealed that mental disorders were highly prevalent in both populations. Major depressive disorder was more frequent among refugees in Turkey than among internally displaced persons in Syria; other mental disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder, were more prevalent in the latter than in the former. Posttraumatic stress disorder was also associated with postmigration factors. Major depressive disorder was more likely among refugees in Turkey. In addition, the likelihood of major depressive disorder was predicted by stopping somewhere else before resettlement in the current location. Conclusions: The resettlement locus and the context and type of displacement seem to be important determinants of mental health disorders, with postmigration factors being stronger predictors of conflict-related mental health. Internally displaced persons may benefit more from trauma-focused approaches, whereas refugees may derive greater benefit from psychosocial approaches.Öğe Effects of the Tell Me About Me Program Perception of Social Support, Self-Esteem, and Self-Compassion in Older Adults(Slack Inc, 2019) Mert, Kader; Aker, Ahmet TamerThe aim of the current quasi-experimental study was to investigate the effect of the Tell Me About Me program on the perception of social support, self-esteem, and self-compassion among 44 older adults in a nursing home in Turkey. Data were collected from May 2015 to May 2016 via a sociodemographic characteristics form, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory, and Self-Compassion Scale. The difference found between the mean scores of participants' perceived social support and self-esteem on the pretest, posttest, and retest was statistically significant (p < 0.01), but the difference in their mean scores in self-compassion on the pretest, posttest, and retest was not significant (p > 0.05). It is recommended that this program be used for improving social support and self-esteem among older adults.Öğe Post traumatic stress disorder among adults in the aftermath of 2011 Van-Ercis earthquake in Turkey(Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, 2019) Aker, Ahmet TamerABSTRACT: Objective: The aims of the study were to: (i) screen for PTSD among subjects older than 15 years old living in the Ercis-Van region nine months after the earthquake; and (ii) examine the socio-demographic, clinical and trauma-related factors of PTSD diagnosis. Method: At the time of the earthquakes, the population of Ercis-Van region was 1,050,000. We selected 1498 participants in these areas: 996 from Van and 502 from Ercis, centers using a stratified sampling frame (Kish design). Demographic information, trauma related experiences and past psychiatric history was obtained via sociodemographic survey. The PTSD module of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), along with depression, dysthymia, social anxiety disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder structured interview modules were used to directly elicit clinical information. Results: We found that PTSD was prevalent 35.5% among Van earthquake survivors. Analysis of binary Logistic regression showed risk factors, which included some trauma related losses, pre and post traumatic experiences. These risk factors are being female, having depression, loosing any family members or relatives, being unemployed, having serious familial conflicts, severe financial loss, and temporary relocation. Discussion: Our results indicate that in addition to being women, having depression, trauma related losses, like previous traumatic experiences, some pre and post traumatic risk factors are important for development of PTSD. Therefore, after the traumatic event, community based interventions should be structured based on these pre and post disaster risk factors.Öğe Preventive and Therapeutic Mental Health Care after the Earthquake-Expert Opinion from the Psychiatric Association of Turkey 2(TURKIYE SINIR VE RUH SAGLIGI DERNEGI, 2023) İrem, Mevhibe İrem; Başterzi, Ayşe Devrim; Yıldırım, Ejder Akgün; Yüksel, Şahika; Aker, Ahmet TamerTwo major earthquakes hit Turkey at the Kahramanmaraş region on February 6th 2023. The earthquakes affected almost 15 million individuals, resulting in more than forty thousand deaths, thousands of wounded and the destruction of ancient cities of humankind. Immediately after the earthquakes, the Psychiatric Association of Turkey organized an educational event to address the needs for a guidance on how to approach a trauma of such a big scale. The experts in this educational event summarized their presentations and prepared this review to guide the mental health professionals serving victims of this disaster. The review summarizes the early symptoms of trauma, and puts a framework on the principles of psychological first aid, the approach at the initial stages of the disaster, principles of planning, triage, and psychosocial support systems and the proper use of medications. The text covers the evaluation of the impact of trauma, aligning psychiatric practice with psychosocial interventions, the improvement of counseling skills and methods to better understand the mind during the acute post trauma phase. A set of presentations highlight the challenges in child psychiatry, brings a systematic overview to the earthquake and discuss the symptomatology, first aid and intervention principles in children and adolescents. Last, the forensic psychiatric perspective is presented, followed by a piece on the essentials of delivering bad news and the review is concluded with the emphasis on burnout, a syndrome to avoid particularly for field professionals, and possible preventive measures. Keywords: Disaster, trauma, psychosocial support, psychological first aid, acute stress disorder, post traumatic stress disorder.Öğe Psychological First Aid: Objectives, Practicing, Vulnerable Groups and Ethical Rules to Follow(2019) Aker, Ahmet Tamer; Demircioğlu, Melis; Şeker, ZeynepPsychological first aid is an early psychosocial intervention approach which is applied during or after traumatic life events as disasters, accidents, terrorist attacks causing negative effects on individual and/or society. It focuses on determining basic physical and mental needs of individuals in major events. The main objectives of psychological first aid are giving psychoeducation about acute stress symptoms, supporting normalization of the process and stabilization, easing going back to normal life before the event, and protecting individuals from long term consequences of the traumatic event. In this review, the main objectives of psychological first aid, application process and research outcomes in different cultures are presented.Öğe Relational needs satisfaction scale: reliability and validity study in Turkish(Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 2020) Toksoy, Şafak Ebru; Cerit, Cem; Aker, Ahmet Tamer; Zvelc, GregorAbstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Relational Needs Satisfaction Scale (RNSS) in Turkish, an inventory that was developed based on Erskine’s Relational Needs Model. Methods: The study was conducted on a sample of 561 people, which consisted of students from faculties of Medicine, Engineering, Law, Fine Arts, Health Sciences and Sports Sciences as well as employees from Faculty of Medicine in Kocaeli University. Reliability and validity analyses were conducted after analysis of the linguistic equivalence of the scale. The construct validity of the scale was investigated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R), Scale of Dimensions of Interpersonal Relationships (SDIR) and SelfCompassion Scale (SCS) were utilized to test convergent validity. To evaluate the reliability of the scale, test-retest correlation, Cronbach alfa and total item correlation were calculated. Findings: The five-factor structure and the hierarchical model was confirmed via CFA. Levels of fit indices were sufficient and acceptable for both the fivefactor model (?2/df=2.03, RMSEA=0.048, CFI=0.928, TLI=0.914, IFI=0.921, AIC=464.211) and the hierarchical model (corrected) (?2/df=2.05, RMSEA=0.048, CFI=0.924, TLI=0.912, IFI=0.925, AIC=468.610). Cronbach’s alpha reliability score was found to be 0.83, indicating that the internal consistency of the scale was high. The Turkish version of the scale contains 20 items just like the original one. Comparison of RNSS with ECR-R, SDIR and SCS revealed that convergent validity was ensured. Conclusion: In light of the findings, the Turkish version of the RNSS was concluded to be a reliable and valid measurement tool and it is suggested that it can be utilized in future researchÖğe Ruhsal travmanın alkol etkisi altında araç kullanma riskine ve alkol i?çme nedenlerine etkiler(ORİJİNAL ARAŞTIRMA ORIGINAL RESEARCH, 2020-11-17) Aker, Ahmet Tamer; Demircan, Tunç; Yeşil, AslıÖz:Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, travmatik yaşantının alkol etkisi altında araç kullanma riskine ve alkol içme nedenlerine etkisini tespit etmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Katılımcılar, deneyleme ve denetleme grubu olmak üzere toplam 498 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Sürücü Davranışlarını Geliştirme Eğitimi’ne katılan 295 sürücü araştırmanın deneyleme grubunu, 203 katılımcı da denetleme grubunu oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin toplanmasında; sürücü bilgi formu, içme nedenleri ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Travmatik yaşantının, alkol etkisi altında araç kullanma riskini artırdığı bulunmuştur. Alkol etkisi altında araç kullananların, problemlerle baş etme, alkolün etkisini artırma amacıyla alkol kullandıkları tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Çalışmamızın temel problemi olan travmatik yaşantının, alkol etkisi altında araç kullanmada risk faktörü olabileceği saptanmıştır.Öğe Ruhsal Travmanın Alkol Etkisi Altında Araç Kullanma Riskine ve Alkol İçme Nedenlerine Etkileri(2020) Aker, Ahmet Tamer; Demircan, Y. Tunç; Yeşil, AslıAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, travmatik yaşantının alkol etkisialtında araç kullanma riskine ve alkol içme nedenlerine etkisini tespitetmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Katılımcılar, deneyleme ve denetlemegrubu olmak üzere toplam 498 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Sürücü Davranışlarını Geliştirme Eğitimi’ne katılan 295 sürücü araştırmanın deneyleme grubunu, 203 katılımcı da denetleme grubunu oluşturmaktadır.Verilerin toplanmasında; sürücü bilgi formu, içme nedenleri ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Travmatik yaşantının, alkol etkisi altında araçkullanma riskini artırdığı bulunmuştur. Alkol etkisi altında araç kullananların, problemlerle baş etme, alkolün etkisini artırma amacıyla alkolkullandıkları tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Çalışmamızın temel problemiolan travmatik yaşantının, alkol etkisi altında araç kullanmada risk faktörü olabileceği saptanmıştır.
