1974 Kıbrıs Barış Harekâtı'nda 50'nci piyade alayı: Kıbrıs gazileri ile sözlü tarih araştırması
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Tarih
2022
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İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
ÖZET: Rum Kuvvetleri tarafından Yunan ordusunun da desteğiyle, Yunanistan’ın Kıbrıs’ı ilhak amacıyla 15 Temmuz 1974 tarihinde başkent Lefkoşa'da gerçekleştirilen askeri darbenin neticesinde iktidardaki Başpiskopos Makarios hükümeti devrilmiş, Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti Anayasası fiilen ortadan kaldırılmıştır. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, hem Ada’daki Türk toplumunun varlığını ortadan kaldırmaya yönelik bu müdahaleye hem de Kıbrıs'ın Akdeniz’de Türkiye’nin güvenliğini tehdit edecek doğal bir Yunan üssü haline getirilmesi ihtimaline karşı tepkisiz kalmamıştır. Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri 20 Temmuz 1974 tarihinde, Kıbrıs Barış Harekâtı’nı düzenlemiş ve Ada’daki bu duruma müdahale etmiştir. Kıbrıs Barış Harekâtı’nın tarihçesi, üzerinden 48 yıl geçmesine rağmen, hala yazılamamıştır. 20 Temmuz 1974 günü Ada’ya Deniz Amfibi Piyade birliklerinin hemen ardından çıkan ve bu çalışmanın esas konusunu oluşturan 50’nci Piyade Alayı’nın harekâttaki faaliyetlerine ilişkin şu ana kadar akademik bir araştırma yapılmamıştır. Harekâtın en önemli tanıkları olan Kıbrıs Gazilerinin anıları ise şu ana kadar resmi makamlarca kayda alınmamıştır. Harekâta katılan farklı birliklerden bazı gaziler anılarını yayınlama fırsatı bulmuşlardır. Gazilerin anılarının kayda alınmasının ve yayınlanmasının, farklı birliklerin harekâttaki rolünün anlaşılabilmesi ve harekâtın genel değerlendirmesinin yapılabilmesi açısından önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bu sözlü tarih çalışması kapsamında, 50’nci Piyade Alayı’nın harekâttaki rolünü, çıkarma harekâtını ve harekâtın ilk üç gününü değerlendirebilmek amacına yönelik olarak, 50’nci Piyade Alayı’nın farklı bölüklerinde görev almış Kıbrıs Gazileri ile derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Görüşmelerin yanı sıra, harekât esnasında askerler tarafından tutulmuş günlüklerden ve diğer yayınlardan faydalanılarak 50’nci Piyade Alayı’nın harekâttaki faaliyetleri değerlendirilmiştir.
ABSTRACT: A military coup was carried out by the Greek Cypriot forces with the support of the Greek Army on 15 July 1974, in the capital Nicosia, with the aim of Greece's annexation of Cyprus Island, as a result of this coup, the government of Archbishop Makarios was overthrown, The Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus was de facto abolished. The Republic of Turkey did not remain unresponsive both to this intervention to eliminate the existence of the Turkish Community on the Island and to the possibility that Cyprus would be turned into a natural Greek base that would threaten Turkey's security in the Mediterranean. The Turkish Armed Forces launched the Cyprus Peace Operation on 20 July 1974 and intervened in the situation on the island. The history of the Cyprus Peace Operation has still not been written, even after 48 years. Moreover, no academic research has been conducted on the 50th Infantry Regiment which landed on the Island on July 20, 1974, following the landing of the Marine Amphibious Infantry units. Even though some veterans from different units participating in the operation had the opportunity to publish their memories with their own efforts, the memories of the Cyprus Veterans, who are the most important witnesses to the operation, have not been recorded by the official authorities until now. Recording and publishing the memoirs of veterans can make it possible to make an overall assessment of the role of different units in the operation and of the operation itself. In this research, in-depth interviews were conducted with Cyprus Veterans who served in different companies of the 50th Infantry Regiment in order to evaluate the role of the 50th Infantry Regiment in the overall operation, the landing and the first three days of the operation. In addition to the interviews, the activities of the 50th Infantry Regiment were evaluated by making use of the diaries kept during the operation and the publications which provided information about other units’ activities.
ABSTRACT: A military coup was carried out by the Greek Cypriot forces with the support of the Greek Army on 15 July 1974, in the capital Nicosia, with the aim of Greece's annexation of Cyprus Island, as a result of this coup, the government of Archbishop Makarios was overthrown, The Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus was de facto abolished. The Republic of Turkey did not remain unresponsive both to this intervention to eliminate the existence of the Turkish Community on the Island and to the possibility that Cyprus would be turned into a natural Greek base that would threaten Turkey's security in the Mediterranean. The Turkish Armed Forces launched the Cyprus Peace Operation on 20 July 1974 and intervened in the situation on the island. The history of the Cyprus Peace Operation has still not been written, even after 48 years. Moreover, no academic research has been conducted on the 50th Infantry Regiment which landed on the Island on July 20, 1974, following the landing of the Marine Amphibious Infantry units. Even though some veterans from different units participating in the operation had the opportunity to publish their memories with their own efforts, the memories of the Cyprus Veterans, who are the most important witnesses to the operation, have not been recorded by the official authorities until now. Recording and publishing the memoirs of veterans can make it possible to make an overall assessment of the role of different units in the operation and of the operation itself. In this research, in-depth interviews were conducted with Cyprus Veterans who served in different companies of the 50th Infantry Regiment in order to evaluate the role of the 50th Infantry Regiment in the overall operation, the landing and the first three days of the operation. In addition to the interviews, the activities of the 50th Infantry Regiment were evaluated by making use of the diaries kept during the operation and the publications which provided information about other units’ activities.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kıbrıs Barış Harekâtı, 50’nci Piyade Alayı, Kıbrıs Gazileri, Askeri Tarih, Sözlü Tarih Araştırması, 1974 Cyprus Operation, 50th Infantry Regiment, Cyprus Veterans, Military History, Oral History Research
