Cognitive functions in schizophrenia: the interplay between blood viscosity, serum osmolarity, and symptom severity

Basit Öğe Kaydı
dc.authorid0000-0003-1362-2880
dc.contributor.authorUnal, Ipek Ozonder
dc.contributor.authorAytac, Miray Pirincci
dc.contributor.authorAker, Derya Adali
dc.contributor.authorDuymaz, Tomris
dc.contributor.authorBerkol, Tonguc Demir
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-04T18:55:58Z
dc.date.available2026-04-04T18:55:58Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentİstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractObjective Cognitive impairments-especially in executive function and attention-are core features of schizophrenia and major barriers to functional recovery. Although systemic physiological factors such as blood viscosity and serum osmolarity have been implicated in schizophrenia, their association with cognitive deficits remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate these relationships in male patients with schizophrenia in remission. Methods A total of 247 male patients diagnosed with schizophrenia in remission were recruited. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), Stroop Test, and Trail Making Test (TMT). Hemorheological parameters, including whole blood viscosity (WBV) at low and high shear rates (LSR and HSR), and serum osmolarity were calculated. Regression analyses were conducted to determine predictors of cognitive outcomes. Results In the multivariate analysis, higher WBV at HSR (beta = 0.122, beta = 0.037) was positively associated with executive function (FAB scores) and inversely associated with Stroop 5 time (beta = -0.134, p = 0.025), TMT-A (beta = -0.134, p = 0.032), and TMT-B (beta = -0.137, p = 0.028) completion times, reflecting better cognitive performance. While higher serum osmolarity showed a positive correlation with FAB scores in univariate analysis, it did not remain an independent predictor in the multivariate model. The multivariate regression identified WBV at HSR, depressive symptoms, negative symptoms, use of long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAI), and living arrangements as significant predictors of FAB scores, collectively explaining 16.9% of the variance (F(8,238) = 7.252, p < 0.001). Conclusion This study highlights the potential contribution of systemic physiological factors to cognitive function in schizophrenia. Higher WBV, within a physiological range, may support cerebral perfusion and be associated with better executive performance. Although serum osmolarity showed a positive association with executive function in univariate analysis, it was not an independent predictor in multivariate models, and its cognitive relevance remains to be clarified. These findings point to a possible role of physiological parameters in cognitive variability, but further studies are needed before drawing firm clinical implications.
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s12888-025-06970-6
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s12888-025-06970-6
dc.identifier.issn1471-244X
dc.identifier.issue1
dc.identifier.pmid40420052
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105006433613
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-06970-6
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11411/10643
dc.identifier.volume25
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001496049600011
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherBmc
dc.relation.ispartofBmc Psychiatry
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WoS_20260402
dc.snmzKA_Scopus_20260402
dc.subjectSchizophrenia
dc.subjectCognitive Performance
dc.subjectBlood Viscosity
dc.subjectSerum Osmolarity
dc.subjectExecutive Function
dc.titleCognitive functions in schizophrenia: the interplay between blood viscosity, serum osmolarity, and symptom severity
dc.typeArticle

Dosyalar

Koleksiyon

Web of Science Indexed Publications
PubMed Indexed Publications
Scopus Indexed Publications