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    Exploring Healing Bonds: The Mediator Role of Relational Needs in the Relationship Between Childhood Traumas and Psychological Distress and Well-Being
    (Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Gokdag, Ceren; Mackali, Zeynep; Toksoy, Safak Ebru
    Erskine's Relational Needs Model, a core component of Relationally focused and Developmentally based Integrative Psychotherapy, emphasizes that relational needs are intrinsic to human nature, highlighting their vital role in shaping our emotional well-being and interpersonal interactions. When these needs are met, individuals may experience feelings of importance and love, but when they remain unfulfilled, negative emotions can adversely impact their well-being. These needs develop at the beginning of life and are influenced by childhood experiences. This study's primary objective was to investigate the relationship between childhood trauma, relational needs, psychological distress, and well-being. We also tested a model incorporating relational needs as a mediator. Measures related to childhood trauma, relational needs, psychological distress, and well-being were administered to a total of 364 adults. Pearson correlation results demonstrated a negative association between the satisfaction of relational needs, childhood traumas, depression, anxiety, and stress, while also revealing a positive correlation with well-being. Structural equation modeling results confirmed the mediating role of relational needs in the relationship between childhood trauma and psychological state (distress and well-being). Our findings are consistent with the theoretical framework of the Relational Needs Model, suggesting that childhood maltreatment negatively affects current relational needs satisfaction, thereby increasing psychological distress and reducing well-being. This study is the first to empirically demonstrate the connection between Erskine's model and key variables, highlighting the importance of addressing relational needs in psychotherapy to promote client well-being.
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    The structural associations among childhood traumas, attachment dimensions, and relational needs
    (Springer, 2025) Mackali, Zeynep; Gokdag, Ceren; Toksoy, Safak Ebru
    This study aimed to understand the combined effect of childhood traumas and insecure attachment on relational needs. We hypothesized that childhood traumas and insecure adult attachment dimensions would be negatively associated with the satisfaction of relational needs. Employing a fully latent structural equation model (SEM), childhood traumas and insecure attachment dimensions were expected to account for a significant variance in satisfaction with relational needs. Three hundred sixty-four adults aged between 18 and 63 voluntarily completed three self-report scales via an online survey. Correlation results demonstrated that anxious and avoidant attachment dimensions were negatively associated with satisfaction in all relational needs. As the level of childhood traumas increased, satisfaction with relational needs decreased. Multiple regression analysis indicated that anxious and avoidant attachment, along with emotional neglect and physical neglect significantly predicted lower relational needs satisfaction. The results of SEM revealed that insecure attachment and childhood trauma, as latent variables, had shared effects on the decrease in satisfaction of relational needs and explained 60% of the variance in satisfaction with relational needs. These findings suggest that abuse, neglect in childhood, and insecure attachment are factors that might have a negative impact on the satisfaction of these relational needs. This understanding has the potential to inform psychotherapy practices.