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Öğe Metaverse and Diversity(CRC Press, 2023) Saka, E.A recurring theme in the public debates is the lack of diversity among the developers and decision-makers in infrastructural personnel, in the big data used, and in software implementations. Metaverse appeared as a core concept as part of a cluster of other terms such as Web3 and blockchain. Many businesses and brands aim to participate in an emerging metaverse scene, and diversity issues are at the forefront of early attempts in the imaginaries and practices of the metaverse. Imaginaries are essential because the metaverse is growing through interrelated technologies such as virtual reality and augmented reality, as well as new developments in artificial intelligence and blockchain applications. It is an ongoing project, and all may shape the outcome, from decision-makers to authorities and audiences. As a keen follower of journalistic talk, corporate and institutional discourses, and industry leaders, in this chapter, I intend to demonstrate what types of issues concerning diversity debates take place in the early days of metaverse. © 2024 selection and editorial matter, Dr Raquel V. Benítez Rojas; individual chapters, the contributors.Öğe RESEARCHING POLITICAL TROLLS AS INSTRUMENTS OF POLITICAL CONSERVATISM IN TURKEY: A Historical Framework and Methodological Reflections on a Discourse Community(Taylor and Francis, 2022) Saka, E.The Erdoğan-led AKP government encountered an unprecedented nationwide civilian uprising in 2013, the Gezi Park Protests, that was fuelled and coordinated through social media. This caused a reaction among Turkish government leaders, and some explicitly stated that they would have their own social media users as counter-insurgents on the online platforms. Political trolling emerged as a political factor in Turkey in the immediate aftermath of the Gezi Park Protests in 2013. This chapter observes pro-government trolls, aka Aktrolls, as a discourse community that evolved through major turning points but which always served the making of an authoritarian and conservative regime. Their primary role changed from surveillance to culture war agents, and then to critics of opposition municipalities. Yet, the overall goal was kept alive. This chapter emphasises the role of ethnography in delineating the rhetorical moves that trolls made to maintain their role as media instruments for political conservatism while material and personnel changes kept happening. © 2023 selection and editorial matter, Elisabetta Costa, Patricia G. Lange, Nell Haynes and Jolynna Sinanan; individual chapters, the contributors.Öğe Social media in Turkey as a space for political battles: AKTrolls and other politically motivated trolling [2-s2.0-85134445064](Taylor and Francis, 2018) Saka, E.[No abstract available]Öğe The role of social media-based citizen journalism practices in the formation of contemporary protest movements(Taylor and Francis, 2017) Saka, E.[No abstract available]
