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    Decellularization and characterization of leek: a potential cellulose-based biomaterial
    (Springer, 2020) Toker, Melis; Rostami, Sabra; Kesici, Muge; Gul, Ozgur; Kocaturk, Ozgur; Odabas, Sedat; Garipcan, Bora
    Cellulose, which is easily attainable in nature, has been studied due to its biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, adjustable biomechanical properties and cost effectiveness as a biomaterial. Recently, plant-derived cellulose-based biomaterials were given attention for numerous applications including bone, cartilage and cardiac tissue engineering. In this study, leek (Allium porrum) was chosen as a plant tissue model for the fabrication of a potential biomaterial due to its structural morphology (interconnected and elongated channel like structural morphology). Leek tissues were decellularized by a detergent solution. The degree of residual cell content was evaluated by DNA and protein quantification as well as immunostaining. Chemical and mechanical properties were tested for both native and decellularized leek samples in order to investigate the effect of decellularization on the structure. Swelling, degradation and protein adsorption behavior of decellularized leek samples were also studied. In order to enhance cell adhesion, decellularized leek samples were modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, octadecyltrichlorosilane and coated with graphene oxide prior to cell seeding. SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells were used for mammalian cell culture studies. MTT cell viability assay and SEM imaging were performed to observe the cell adhesion and morphology. Decellularized leek tissues are expected to be cellulose based biomaterial for candidate biomedical applications both in vitro and in vivo in future studies. Graphic abstract
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    Genotype-Dependent Gene Expression in Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) Plants Under High Temperature Stress
    (Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2020) Kesici, Muge; Ipek, Ahmet; Ersoy, Figen; Ergin, Sergul; Gulen, Hatice
    The differences in tolerance to high temperatures were investigated on the basis of gene expressions in two strawberry (Fragaria x ananassaDuch) cultivars which were previously determined as high temperature tolerant (Redlands Hope = R. Hope) and sensitive (Festival). Plants were exposed incrementally to 35, 40, 45, and finally 50 degrees C for 24 h. qRT-PCR analyses were carried out with 19 known sequences from the databases. Protein expression analyses were based on SDS-PAGE results, sequenced and then separated due to their isoelectric points. Expression levels were determined at 35, 40, and 45 degrees C. According to the results, tolerance of 'R. Hope' to high temperature stress can be explained with the coordination of Hsp70, Hsp90, and small heat shock proteins (sHsps) having a vital and supplementary role in stress response. Sensitive cultivar 'Festival' can respond to high temperatures only with the low molecular weight protein and transcripts that do not take a central role in high temperature stress response. Moreover, allergen gene expression triggered by high temperature were detected in both cultivars with different expression levels. The greater expression level in allergen genes observed in the sensitive cultivar 'Festival' under high temperature indicates that there is possibly a negative correlation between expression level in allergen genes and heat stress tolerance. Future studies addressing allergen gene expression under high temperature stress are required to confirm on these findings and to expand on the potential use as a molecular marker in breeding process for enhanced tolerance to high temperature.