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    Karachay-Balkar relative clauses: Implications for a special type of genitive/nominative alternation
    (Elsevier, 2020) Gurer, Asli
    Taking reduced relative clauses as the basis of comparison, this study investigates Karachay-Balkar non-subject relative clauses with two different patterns. The subject in the modifier clause can bear the genitive case in the presence of agreement morphology on the head noun, or the nominative case in the absence of agreement morphology. Based on binding and adverbial placement tests, the current study suggests that (i) Karachay-Balkar relative clause patterns with genitive or nominative subjects are deficient in the absence of CP and TP; (ii) in the absence of TP, temporal interpretation is a secondary effect of AspP; (iii) the genitive subject moves into the DP domain to check the definiteness feature; (iv) the genitive pattern is preferred when the referents of the genitive construction and the head noun are shared by the speaker and the hearer; and (v) in the absence of the definiteness feature and CP/TP, the nominative case is licensed as the default case. This study shows that Karachay-Balkar relative clauses are reduced with respect to the absence of CP/TP. However, the size of the structure does not differ in genitive and nominative patterns, and the patterns are not in free variation as a syntax-semantic interface is at play. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Prosody of focus in Turkish Sign Language
    (Cambridge Univ Press, 2024) Karabuklu, Serpil; Gurer, Asli
    Prosodic realization of focus has been a widely investigated topic across languages and modalities. Simultaneous focus strategies are intriguing to see how they interact regarding their functional and temporal alignment. We explored the multichannel (manual and nonmanual) realization of focus in Turkish Sign Language. We elicited data with focus type, syntactic roles and movement type variables from 20 signers. The results revealed the focus is encoded via increased duration in manual signs, and nonmanuals do not necessarily accompany focused signs. With a multichanneled structure, sign languages use two available channels or opt for one to express focushood.