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    Ideological bots of #metoo: towards a theory of the hybrid public sphere
    (İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2018) Elbeyi, Semahat Ece; Furman, İvo Ozan
    ABSTRACT: This dissertation aims to provide a more nuanced understanding of how automated software agents are transforming both social media interactions and the broader notion of the public based on Barry Wellman's “Networked Individualism” and Danah Boyd's “Networked Public” theories. In doing so, it uses a dataset of more than 2 million tweets collected within the context of the ongoing #metoo controversy and attempts to understand the activities and roles undertaken by automated accounts in shaping the discussion. By qualitatively examining, these bot accounts are classified into 6 different categories which develop quite different ideologies from each other as spam bots, feminist and anti-feminist bots, political bots as pro-Trump and anti-Trump and xenophobic bots. Accordingly, it has been observed that these bots have largely shaped the discussion not only in terms of their numbers or activity densities, but also in terms of their interaction with other users as well as variety of discourses they produce and their behaviors. The findings of this dissertation suggests that non-human actors have actively taken part in and even shaped the controversy around #metoo. This brings a new dimension to the concepts and definitions of “public” put forward so far. This public which is constituted by the intervention of these non-human actors, in other words bot accounts, can be tentatively described as a hybrid or hybridized public.