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Öğe Public acceptability of carbon tax(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2020) Dikmener, Fehime; Uyduranoğlu, AyşeABSTRACT: The main objective of this thesis is to identify factors affecting the public acceptability of carbon tax, which is one of the financial instruments used for emission reduction. In this study, the factors that cause climate change, international efforts, carbon pricing mechanisms and carbon tax best practices on country basis are discussed. The factors such as impact of carbon tax on competitiveness, distributional concerns, public distrust and perception of the carbon tax that negatively affect the acceptability of carbon tax by the public are examined. The effect of carbon tax on competition is insignificant because tax effect on final price is minor. Similarly, the impact of carbon tax on income distribution is found not influential on public acceptability since tax revenues can be used to reduce the rates of existing taxes and tax exemptions can be defined for low-income households. However, public distrust and tax perception are the more important determinants of public acceptability. Public skepticism on government intention, the perceived corruption and inefficiency leading to decrease in political legitimacy are main drivers for public distrust. Also, the perception of carbon tax is concluded to be ‘inefficient in terms of changing behavior’, ‘a type of penalty’, ‘a decrease in consumption and purchasing power’, ‘a restriction on the freedom of choice’. The conclusion section provides recommendations to increase public acceptability such as earmarking tax revenues, using revenues for limiting its negative impact on income distribution and applying tax at municipal level.
