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    Comparing intellectual capital efficiency of international financial institutions
    (İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2020) Celasun, Deniz Tan; Özyıldırım, Cenktan
    ABSTRACT: The “basic economic problem” of satisfying infinite needs with finite resources requires efficiency by its nature. Although international financial institutions (IFIs) are exempt from national taxes in most cases, they are not exempt from the basic economic problem. Hence, their efficiency requires attention. Measuring the efficiency of tangible assets (such as invested capital, owned lands etc.) has been done using specific ratios and analyses for many years. However, the efficiency of intangible assets (such as knowledge, institutional culture etc.) is more difficult to measure and its importance has been growing significantly in the recent years. This study analyses the relationship between IFIs’ shareholder diversity and their intellectual capital efficiencies (ICE) based on Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAICTM) calculations. In the analysis, for the sake of simplicity, number of shareholders represents diversity. All of the 23 currently operational IFIs, which were separated into three groups based on their number of shareholders, were included in the analysis and for each of them VAICTM was calculated for the past three years, resulting in a dataset of 69 observations. This dataset was analysed using ANOVA (for three groups together) and T-tests (for each pair of groups). The results of the ANOVA and T-tests showed that groups’ means are different from each other; hence, the ICE was found to be related with the number of members. Furthermore, the VAICTM observations indicate a negative correlation between intellectual capital efficiency and diversity. This admittedly unexpected result invites a closer look at the notion of diversity and intellectual capital as assessed by VAICTM.