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    Public health regulations and their justification within the GATT and WTO framework
    (İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2021) Bilgin, Mustafa; Artıran, Pınar
    ABSTRACT: This thesis aims to establish and thoroughly analyze the justification clauses of the GATT 1994 and certain other covered agreements of the WTO, which are relevant to the protection of public health. This thesis consisted of four main chapters. The first chapter presents the definition of public health, international agreements pertinent to public health and environmental health, a brief historical background of the WTO and its disciplines, and the relationship between international trade and the protection of public health. The second chapter explores the fundamental provisions of the GATT, namely the MFN treatment provision under Article I of the GATT 1994, the national treatment provision under Article III of the GATT 1994, and the quantitative restrictions provision under Article XI of the GATT 1994, and their specific relationship with exception clauses and certain public health issues. The third chapter analyzes six different WTO agreements and their relationship with the protection of public health and the justification clauses of the GATT 1994. The final chapter thoroughly analyzes the general exception clause under Article XX of the GATT 1994 and the national security exception clause under Article XXI of the GATT 1994 with a specific focus on protecting public health. The final chapter also assesses specific legal change proposals with regards to Article XX.