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    Assessment of nutritional change processes and their relationship with macronutrient intake and anthropometric measurements in adults
    (Frontiers Media Sa, 2026) Seker, Beyza Nur; Kocatepe, Neslihan; Bayraktar, Damla Zeynep; Seven Avuk, Hande
    Background This study assessed the relationship between adults' nutritional behavior change process and their diet implementation, energy, macronutrient intake, and anthropometric measurements. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with 400 adults (50% men, 50% women, median age 27 years). A face-to-face questionnaire including sociodemographic information, smoking status, diet experience, and the Nutritional Change Processes Scale (NCPS) was applied. Food consumption was recorded using a 24-hour recall method, and anthropometric measurements were taken. Results Among participants, 50.5% were classified as underweight-normal, 33.5% as overweight, and 16% as obese, while 37.8% had past dieting experience. Those with a dieting history had significantly higher NCPS scores [110 (52-192)] than those without [77 (48-176); p < 0.001]. The NCPS score of obese participants [113.50 (52-192)] was the highest compared to underweight-normal [79.50 (48-177)] and overweight [90.5 (48-176)] participants (p < 0.001). A positive correlation was found between total NCPS score and body weight, BMI, and body fat percentage (r = 0.200, p < 0.001; r = 0.355, p < 0.001; r = 0.161, p = 0.001, respectively). A negative correlation was observed with energy intake, carbohydrates, and carbohydrate percentage (r = -0.132, p = 0.008; r = -0.165, p = 0.001; r = -0.158, p = 0.002, respectively). However, in multivariable analyses, the association between BMI and NCPS was no longer significant after adjustment for age and gender, and was significantly influenced by energy intake (p < 0.05). Conclusion This study shows that obesity and past dieting experiences are associated with higher involvement in dietary behavior change processes, but this relationship is significantly influenced by age, gender, and energy intake. Furthermore, the finding that high awareness does not guarantee balanced macronutrient intake underscores the need for multidimensional weight management strategies that address both individual cognitive factors and environmental determinants.
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    Evaluating phase angle in malnutrition risk assessment using nutritional screening tools
    (Elsevier B.V., 2025) Bayraktar, Damla Zeynep; Andac, Serap; Elmas, Negin
    Background & aims: Malnutrition is a common complication in patients with breast cancer and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Phase angle (PhA), a parameter derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) may reflect nutritional status, but its value versus standard tools remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the utility of PhA in detecting malnutrition risk in breast cancer patients, compared with four validated screening tools. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included 98 female patients with breast cancer. Nutritional status was assessed using the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002), Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment Short Form (PG-SGA SF), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), and Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST). PhA was measured using single-frequency (50 kHz) BIA. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the optimal PhA cut-off for malnutrition risk. Associations between PhA and malnutrition risk were examined univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: PhA was significantly associated with nutritional risk across all four screening tools. The optimal PhA cut-off for malnutrition risk based on NRS-2002 was 5.04 degrees (AUC = 0.83), with 73% sensitivity and 87% specificity. In crude logistic regression, a PhA <5.04 degrees significantly increased malnutrition risk across all screening tools: NRS-2002 (OR = 0.178, p < 0.001), MUST (OR = 0.338, p = 0.005), MST (OR = 0.308, p < 0.001), and PG-SGA SF (OR = 0.481, p = 0.037). These associations remained statistically significant after adjustment for age and fat mass index in three models (excluding PG-SGA SF). Conclusion: PhA, appears to be a practical and supportive indicator for identifying malnutrition risk in breast cancer patients, particularly when used alongside validated screening tools. The identified cut-off value (5.04 degrees) may serve as a useful threshold in clinical practice. © 2025 The Author(s)
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    Investigating the Relationship Between Nutritional Knowledge and Microbiota Awareness: A Cross-Sectional Study Among University Students
    (2025) Almasi, Negin; Bayraktar, Damla Zeynep; Yılmaz, Benay; Çimen, Feyza; Özdemir, Umut; Türkel, Umut
    Aim: This study aims to evaluate the relationship between nutritional knowledge and microbiota awareness among students at Istanbul Bilgi University. Material and Methods: The sample of this cross-sectional study consists of 415 university students. The general characteristics of the participants were obtained through a questionnaire, while their nutritional knowledge and microbiota awareness were assessed using the Nutrition Knowledge Level Scale for Adults and the Microbiota Awareness Scale, respectively. Results: The students had a mean age of 22.6±4.29 years, and a median BMI of 22.14 [5.13] kg/m². Median scores were 51 [11] for NKLSA-NK, 38 [9] for NKLSA-FP, and 69 [15] for microbiota awareness. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between nutritional knowledge and microbiota awareness (r=0.658; p<0.001). Age also showed a statistically significant positive correlation with nutritional knowledge, particularly with food preferences (r=0.131; p<0.05). Statistically significant negative correlations were found between BMI and both nutritional knowledge (r=- 0.192) and microbiota awareness (r=-0.191), as well as between body weight and both variables (r=-0.242 and r=-0.274, respectively; p<0.001). Conclusion: Our results show that the study population has fair nutritional knowledge in the NKLSA-NK and good nutritional knowledge in the NKLSA-FP sub-section, alongside a good level of microbiota awareness. The Education, lifestyle choices, and guidance are important for nutritional knowledge and microbiota awareness of the population. To our knowledge, this is the first study examining the relationship between nutritional knowledge level and microbiota awareness scores, and further studies are needed.
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    Investigation of potential effects of quercetin on COVID-19 treatment: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
    (2024) Beşler, Zehra Nur; Bayraktar, Damla Zeynep; Koçak, Meryem Cemile; Kızıltan, Gül
    Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has rapidly become a global health crisis. Currently, there are no proven, reliable, specific treatments for COVID-19. Alongside drug interventions, supportive treatments are implemented during the disease. Quercetin, recognized for its antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and antioxidant properties, is under evaluation in this study for its potential impact on preventing, influencing the course, and mitigating the severity of COVID-19. Methods: A thorough search was conducted across scientific databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, SAGEpub, Copernicus, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, Elsevier, Scopus, Google Scholar, EBSCOhost, Crossref, Ovid-LWW, and DergiPark databases, between 1 November 2021 and 1 April 2022 to ensure a comprehensive inclusion of relevant studies. Results: Thirteen randomized controlled clinical trials (five published, eight unpublished) were identified. Existing literature supports quercetin’s role as a potent free radical scavenger with robust antioxidant properties. It exhibits anti-inflammatory characteristics by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and restraining pro-inflammatory enzymes such as lipoxygenase and phospholipase A2. Scholarly discourse suggests that quercetin supplementation within the 500-1500 mg range leads to favorable outcomes, including quicker patient discharge, reduced inflammation, increased respiratory rate, accelerated viral clearance, and an improved disease prognosis. However, it is noted that intervention durations vary across studies. Conclusions: The analysis of the studies suggested that quercetin is a promising therapeutic agent that can cause a decrease in disease symptoms, frequency of hospitalization, hospital stay, need for non-invasive oxygen treatment, need for intensive care, and mortality. Nonetheless, more clinical studies are needed to better understand quercetin’s curative effects on COVID-19 infection.