From Competition to Conflict: Hate Speech in Multiplayer Online Battle Arena Games (MOBAs)

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dc.contributor.authorMeric, Emre
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-04T18:48:43Z
dc.date.available2026-04-04T18:48:43Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractThis study investigates the prevalence and dynamics of hate speech in one of the multiplayer online battle arena game (MOBA) named as Mobile Legends: Bang Bang using digital ethnography. Data were collected through participant observation across 540 matches and analyzed via content analysis, yielding 267 documented instances of hate speech. Findings reveal that hate speech is pervasive and disproportionately targets women, ethnic minorities (particularly Kurds and Arabs), LGBTQ+ individuals, and people with disabilities. Hate speech was most commonly delivered through in- game chat and intensified in higher- ranked, solo matches. Player reactions were largely passive, indicating a culture of normalization. Avatar- based discrimination further demonstrated the role of digital identity in shaping hostility. These results suggest that multiplayer games reflect and reproduce broader societal biases. © 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved.
dc.identifier.doi10.4018/979-8-3373-6192-5.ch006
dc.identifier.endpage189
dc.identifier.isbn979-833736194-9
dc.identifier.isbn979-833736192-5
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105015942037
dc.identifier.scopusqualityN/A
dc.identifier.startpage159
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-6192-5.ch006
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11411/10297
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherIGI Global
dc.relation.ispartofCritical Perspectives on Digital Culture and Gaming
dc.relation.publicationcategoryKitap Bölümü - Uluslararası
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_Scopus_20260402
dc.subjectOnline Systems
dc.subjectBang-Bang
dc.subjectContent Analysis
dc.subjectDigital Ethnography
dc.subjectDigital Identity
dc.subjectEthnic Minorities
dc.subjectMultiplayer Games
dc.subjectMultiplayers
dc.subjectNormalisation
dc.subjectParticipant Observations
dc.subjectPeople With Disabilities
dc.subjectInteractive Computer Graphics
dc.titleFrom Competition to Conflict: Hate Speech in Multiplayer Online Battle Arena Games (MOBAs)
dc.typeBook Chapter

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