Scaling Types and Systems Used to Provide Controlling of Scale occurrence in High Temperature Geothermal Systems in Western Anatolia; Kizildere- II ( Denizli) Geothermal Power Plant Example

Abstract

Geothermal power generation has been generally provided by moderate-high temperatures fluids at deep geothermal zones in water-dominated reservoirs. For these systems, controlling of thermodynamically changes of liquid phase and monitoring of temperature and pressure effects on geothermal fluids have great importance to provide of geothermal system sustainability. In a geothermal system, to provide a good information on reservoir rocks types, water-rock interaction and geothermal fluids compositionwill be important to prevent some problems such as; scaling, corrosion etc. during operational stage of geothermal power/heat systems. The discovered geothermal systems have water-dominated type in Turkey. Buyuk Menderes Graben and Gediz Graben are two of the largest graben systems in Turkey and there are more than 30 geothermal power generation systems on these moderate-high temperatures geothermal fields along these graben systems in Western Anatolia. All these geothermal systems have scaling problems such as calcite and silica and they directly affect performance of the geothermal energy systems. To prevent these problems geochemical modeling studies and geochemical tests have been performed before operational stage of power generation systems. Sustainability of the system directly depends on determination of scaling types, selection suitable scale inhibitors and installation of inhibitor systems for a geothermal system. In this study, scaling tendency of geothermal fluids depends on reservoir geology and the most effective scale prevention methods at different type geothermal power plantshave beendiscussed for moderate-high geothermal temperature reservoirs in Western Anatolia and Kizildere-II (Denizli) Geothermal Power Plant has selected as a case study to explain importance of suitable methods to prevent scaling.