Effects of Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization and Myofascial Release Technique on Pain and Disability in Individuals With Chronic Neck Pain: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial

Abstract

Background: Chronic neck pain leads to significant disability. The instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) and myofascial release technique (MRT) are effective in reducing pain and improving function. Aims: This study aimed to compare the effects of IASTM and MRT on pain and disability in individuals with chronic neck pain. Methods: Forty-eight participants were randomly divided into three groups: IASTM, MRT, and control. The IASTM group received IASTM plus conventional treatment, the MRT group received MRT plus conventional treatment, and the control group received only conventional treatment. IASTM and MRT were applied twice a week for 4 weeks. Participants' pain and disability were assessed with the numerical rating scale (NRS) and neck disability index (NDI), respectively. Assessments were conducted at baseline, at the end of the 4-week treatment program, and at the 4-week follow-up thereafter. Results: There were significant between-group differences in pain reduction post-intervention (MD = -3.85, 95% CI: -4.27 to -3.42) and 4 weeks post-intervention (MD = -4.07, 95% CI: -4.49 to -3.64). Similarly, significant between-group differences were observed in disability scores post-intervention (MD = -15.55, 95% CI: -17.62 to -13.49) and 4 weeks post-intervention(MD = -16.57, 95% CI: -18.94 to -14.20). IASTM and MRT were more effective than the control group in reducing pain and disability after the application and 4 weeks post-intervention. The individuals participating in the study did not experience any side effects. Conclusions: The results of this study show that adding IASTM or MRT to the traditional treatment program for individuals with chronic neck pain yielded superior results in terms of pain and disability compared with traditional treatment alone.