Otay, IremSari, Irem UcalTolga, A. CagriCebi, SelcukOnar, Sezi CevikOztaysi, Basar2026-04-042026-04-0420261542-39801542-3999https://hdl.handle.net/11411/10746The shift from conventional vehicles to electric vehicles (EVs) is essential for sustainability. Energy management strategies play a crucial role in this transition, as they affect battery performance, extend lifespan, and ensure cost-effectiveness. This study evaluates energy management system (EMS) strategies for EVs using the Proportional Pythagorean Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (PPF-AHP) to prioritize decision criteria. To achieve this, a decision model is constructed involving four main criteria-sustainability and resilience, cost efficiency, performance and reliability, and competitiveness-as well as sixteen sub-criteria. Then, pairwise evaluations from five experts are collected and aggregated leading to the prioritization of decision criteria. In order to show the robustness of the methodology, the PPF-AHP results are compared with Buckley's Fuzzy AHP and Decomposed Fuzzy AHP.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessElectrical Vehicles (Evs)Energy Management StrategiesBattery Performance Proportional Pythagorean Fuzzy AhpArticle2-s2.0-1050262616802451Q221746Q2WOS:001656069100005