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    The belt and road initiative project: limits and prospects for the Chinese hegemonic capacity
    (İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2021) Erverdi, Kerem; Boyraz, Cemil
    ABSTRACT: Since its announcement in 2013, Chinese Belt and Road Initiative has been criticized as being more than an infrastructure investment and development move and evaluated as a hegemony project. Often compared with the Marshall Plan of the US, post-World War II strategy leading to U.S. hegemony, Belt and Road Initiative is supporting China’s rise as a global power and it should be considered as the tool of China for an alternative hegemonic order. Study assesses the Belt and Road Initiative and institutions of it, Asia Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), in terms of their prospects and limits in establishing Chinese hegemony. From a Neo-Gramscian perspective, China proposes an ideologic and institutional alternative to the US hegemony. China structures its alternative social formation and ideology around a ‘harmonious community’ and ‘economic development’ discourse. Ideational structure of Chinese hegemony leads to an authoritarian state at domestic level and to a non-interventionist approach at global level with great emphasis on economic performance. AIIB establishes the necessary international cooperation structure for regional integration of underdeveloped Asian countries under the hegemony of China. Although China does not propose an alternative production method or an economic structure, its embracement of noninterventionism allows for states, deemed risky for investing in by existing structure, to be integrated into the system. Biggest objection for Chinese appears to be the US. However, utilization of de-globalization-oriented policies by Trump administration to counter China only cause tension among the actors of established global order, and support China's leadership and hegemony claims.